Chemical reaction

2. Materials and methods 2.1. Chemicals Zingerone was obtained from Alfa Aesar, Heysham, UK. Cisplatin, Bradford reagent, trichloroacetic acid (TCA), thiobarbituric acid (TBA), reduced glutathione (GSH), glacial metaphosphoric acid (Gmpa), 5,5ˊ-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB), proteinase K and agarose were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co, MO, USA. All other chemicals and solvents used were of the highest purity grade available. 2.2. Animals Sixty Adult male albino rats (180-200g) were…

Enzymes speed up the rates of most biochemical reactions by helping reactants interact with each other. Since enzymes are highly specific for a specific reaction, they only catalyze one or a few types of reaction. One of important enzymes in human body and many other animals is amylase that hydrolyzes starch, a major part of human diet for many people in the world. There is a variety…

first ignited, sparks were seen and the flame emitted a bright, white light. The flame spread across the magnesium and eventually turned it into a white, ashy substance. The combination of fire and magnesium caused a chemical change. This is evident as there were many signs of a chemical change, such as an emission of light, a color change, and an odor change. The emission of light was the bright white fire, the color change was the change from the silver magnesium to the white ashes, and the…

to keep the human body well maintained including chemical reactions and other complex tasks. In order to carry out these functions, it’s vital for the cell to possess a membrane. Cells create cholesterol, which is a cyclic fatty-product that maintains the cells permeability. Cholesterol is also synthesized to create steroid hormones, and also vitamin D. The way scientists synthesize this cyclic product is through a Diels-Alder reaction. This reaction is very important in the synthesis of many…

acetylsalicylic acid from salicylic acid, using a chemical synthesis procedure. The synthesis involved breaking the bond with acetic anhydride, also required heat and a catalyst, phosphoric acid, in order to beak and extract the bond. The solution used water in order to purify the solution in the way of recrystallization. The product was characterized using IR spectroscopy and melting point. The pure aspirin product that was formed in this experiment which had a chemical yield of 54.3% and had…

Catalysts are substances that increase the rate of chemical reactions without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change. It speeds up the reaction by lowering the activation energy required. An enzyme is a substance produced by a living organism that acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction. Enzymes carry out the thousands of chemical reactions that occur on cells, or the basic units of structure and function of an organism. Usually, they are polymers of thousands…

technological and scientific advancements have enabled scientists and engineers to protect and benefit the economy, people and the planet through implementation of Green Chemistry. The American Chemical Society Green Chemistry Institute describes green chemistry as a different perspective on how chemistry and chemical engineering should be done to reduce waste, conserve energy, and utilize replacements for hazardous substances. Through a series of twelve principles, the ideals of Green Chemistry…

with energy. However, chemistry tends to be more focused on the study of the properties of matter as well as the interaction between various types of matter. The interaction is often facilitated by the reactions that involve either electron loss or electron gain, as described by the American Chemical Society (2014). Unlike other sciences, such as physics, chemistry doesn’t put more focus on the nuclear part of the atom, and any other subatomic realm. Perhaps it’s important to emphasize that…

paper to float to the top of a beaker full of H2O2. Enzyme was changed every time – regular, heated or acidified. The second method was measuring the change in pressure during the reaction. This method involved using regular enzyme and then chilled enzyme. The last method was measuring the amount of H2O2 as the reaction progressed; this demonstrated the disappearance of the…

the lab, .7 grams of copper was measured out and at the end, the total amount of copper was .73 grams. Throughout the five reactions, the theoretical yield was calculated for whatever substance was being created. Those masses (listed in order) include: 2.07 grams CuNo3, 1.08 grams Cu(OH)2, .88 grams CuO, 1.49 grams CuCl2, .70 grams Cu. Then,…