Chemical laser

Paragraph 1 Iron phosphate structure with a symbol of FePo4, has crystal structures of FeO4 and PO4 as its tetrahedral links. There would be changes of this quartz type that can be determined by the neutron poly difraction between 294K and 1073K, according to Z. Kristallogr. While structural parameters of the iron phosphate depends on the temperature, whereby iron phosphate would be a beta-phase from an alpha-phase when temperature increases from low to high. Irregularity would also be…

Atoms are made up of three parts: protons (positively charged), neutrons (uncharged) and electrons (negatively charged). For example: Sodium ( ) has 11 protons, 12 neutrons and 11 electrons. 2. Molecule: Molecules form when two or more atoms form chemical bonds with each other. It doesn’t matter if the atoms are the same or are different from each other. For example: 3. Isotopes:…

III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS: A. Characteristics of Aluminum-Graphite composites and the in-situ reaction To examine the reaction condition of carbon flakes and Al powders, 4 wt. % carbon flakes were added to Al powders. Fig. 1 shows the DSC plot obtained during heating and cooling of the green compact from room temperature to 750 0C and from 750 0C to room temperature at a heating/cooling rate of 3 0C /min under argon gas atmosphere. From the DSC heating curve it is evident that the total…

Phase 2 – Agarose Gel Electrophoresis 1. Obtain our four H, E, L, and P labeled micro tubes and place them on ice. 2. Set the micro pipet to 2.0 ul. 3. Transfer 2.0 ul blue dye to each of the four H, E, L, and P micro tubes. 4. Mix the four micro tubes by using this two-step method: * Place each tube briefly on the vortex to get the components to collect at the bottom of the micro tubes * Pulse spin the four micro tubes in the centrifuge to mix all of the components completely. 5.…

1.4 Effect of Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC)Type Formula F12 was utilized to study the effect of changing the type of MCC(Avecil PH-101 ) as a carrier material instead of (Avecil PH-102) in F8 on the dissolution behavior of the prepared Zolmitriptan liquisolid ODTs. Although the DT of formula F12 (79 sec.) was greater than F8 (48 sec.) as in Table(18),the dissolution behavior of the formula F12 was faster than F8 as in Table (18) and Figure (48), this difference was non…

They are responsible for physical properties of compounds such as crystal structures, melting points, boiling points, vaporization, viscosity and surface tension, but not the chemical behavior of the three states of matter; when a molecular substance changes states, the atoms within the molecule are unchanged. These properties can therefore be used in identifying an unknown sample by comparing for example its observed melting…

According to R.A Aitken, “An asymmetric synthesis may be defined as a synthesis in which an achiral unit is an ensemble of substrate molecules is converted to a chiral unit such that the possible stereoisomers are formed in unequal amounts.” It relates to any synthetic process that incorporates one or more new elements of chirality during a functional group transformation. Asymmetric synthesis involves the formation of chiral molecules. An object is said to be chiral, if it cannot be…

principles 2.1 Chemical vapor deposition 2.1.1 Definition of chemical vapor deposition Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a versatile process which is widely applied to produce coatings, powders, fibers and monolithic components [1]. Applying the chemical vapor deposition, it is possible to produce alloy and compounds of metals and nonmetal materials. Chemical vapor deposition can be defined as the deposition of a solid on a heated surface from a chemical reaction in the vapor phase [2].…

Background : Stoichiometry is the relationship between the relative quantities of substances taking part in a reaction or forming a compound, typically a ratio of whole integers. In the lab that I did with my group we used stoichiometry to find out the decomposition of sodium biocarbonate. Sodium carbonate is just another name for baking soda, and that is what we used on our lab. Baking soda is also used in some food items, such as pancakes, waffles etc… When the baking soda is being heated…

You can choose different percentage of chemical composition and control, and adapt it to the various requirements of the product. Mild steel has good weld-ability and machine-ability. The weight of Mild steel is much less when compared to Iron.…