Chemical laser

The purpose of this experiment was to use aldol condensation methods to synthesize colored cyclopentadienone and then UV/VIS spectrophotometry to characterize the dienone structure synthesized. The information gathered from the UV/VIS analysis was then compared to a computer model of the desired product to analyze the optimal 3D structure of the dienone. The base catalyzed condensation reaction was used to form the product for analysis, followed by vacuum filtration to recover the product. Both…

Usually, this state results when the forward reaction proceeds at the same rate as the reverse reaction. Chemical reactions vary greatly in the speed at which they occur. Some are essentially instantaneous, while others may take a very long time to reach equilibrium. The reaction is presented by The time in the reaction when the mixture remains colourless is the clock period. This will depend upon the initial concentrations of the sodium bisulphite ions (NaHSO3) and the potassium iodate ions…

INTRODUCTION: In this lab, proper laboratory technique was implemented to have the experience in the lab. Furthermore, the unknown solution needed to be investigated, to determine the solution’s macromolecules. Three methods were comprised to determine the unknown but a set of other solution were used to help as indicators to match the unknown solution’s results. It consisted of biuret, iodine and benedict solution. Iodine solution is used to determine if the source had starch or glycogen.…

The boiling point of an organic compound determines its structural features and physical properties of the compound, which helps us to name the characteristics. Boiling point defined as the “temperature at which the vapour pressure of the liquid is the same as the pressure of the atmosphere on the liquid surface”. (Mahaffy, P, Bucat, B, Tasker, R, Kotz, J, Treichel, P, Weaver, G, McMurry, J 2011). The boiling point 1-hexanol, 2-hexanone, 1-pentanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol are represented in the…

The manufacturing of pharmaceutical tablets involves several main steps including blending, granulation, drying and milling. Each step is known as a unit operation and will be outlined below. The ingredients to make a pharmaceutical tablet will include the active pharmaceutical ingredients [API], and may require a bulking or binding agent which allows the tablet to be sufficiently large for consumption and provides sufficient surface properties of the particles within the mixture to facilitate…

and water is that when the tablet was dropped into the water, it began to fizz and make the water look like a carbonated drink such as Sprite. Carbon Dioxide is the gas that humans exhale and what is produced with Alka-Seltzer and water react, the chemical equation of the reaction is, (H2O + C6H8O7 + 3NaHCO3…

are brought from the Pre-weigh area for batching, the compounder assigned the batch must verify the chemicals and quantities brought from the Pre-weigh department and the weigh tickets must be affixed to the back of the Work Order (do not throw away). 5.4.3.2 If there are any missing tickets stop the process and notify your supervisor for prompt follow-up, you may resume once the ticket and chemical is verified (this is an urgent matter and must be addressed immediately by informing the…

The purpose of this lab was to prepare tetraphenylcyclopentadienone most commonly known as tetracyclone. This involved a 3-step synthesis over the course of 3 weeks. The first step was the preparation of benzoin, which was completed through self-condensation of benzaldehyde with thiamine used as the base catalyst of the reaction. The next step was the preparation of benzil from the oxidation reaction of benzoin with nitric acid. In the oxidation reaction, the alcohol functional group of benzoin…

Rare earths are very significant when it comes to the development and use of technical equipment as they can be very important to the performance of the unit. An example of an everyday piece of technology that uses rare earths is the IPhone. Apple has said that the IPhone uses eight rare earths, from everything from the colored screen, to speakers, to the miniature circuits inside the phone. Although the amount of rare earths in the phone is very little, the demand for rare earths will continue…

In the Acid-Catalyzed Hydration of norbornene, water and sulfuric acid were added to the C=C double bond to form norborneol. Sulfuric acid acted as a catalyst, where it was not consumed in the reaction and helped to propel the reaction forward, as it was vital in forming hydronium ion and breaking the double bond. Both the products endo-norborneol and exo-norborneol were synthesized; however regioselectivity and stereoselectivity played a role as to which product was more preferred and whether…