Charles I of England

Without defined boarders relations with England were very uneasy, although after 1066 Norman kings intervened periodically to help support the claims of the Scottish against them. In 1291 Edward I of England selected John Balliol to take the Scottish throne which had been empty since 1286, in return Balliol paid homage to Edward I as a vassal. In 1295 Scottish nobles signed a treaty with France which resulted in the Auld Alliance. As a result of this Edward I invaded Scotland in 1296, Balliol…

As it happens in most countries, England’s system of ruling evolved in many way from the death of Elizabeth I in 1603 to the Glorious Revolution in 1688-1689. Before the Glorious Revolution, where James II is replaced by Mary II and William III, most rulers in England ruled in an absolute monarchy. In this system of government, these rulers believed by the Divine Right of Kings, a belief that the ruler can only be judged by God. Also before the Glorious Revolution, most rulers had some…

The Fronde known in english and Le Fronde known as in french, was a series of civil wars that occurred in France between the years 1648 and 1653. Louis the XIV was in charge during this era and was making an attempt to check the growing power of royal government; its failure prepared the way for the absolutism of Louis XIV’s personal reign. The Fronde was a reaction to the policies that were started under the Cardinal de Richelieu, chief minister of Louis XIII from 1624 to 1642, who had weakened…

In 1642, when King Charles I entered the House of Commons seeking the arrest of the five Members alleged to have supported the Scottish invasion against his reign, he not only created Parliamentary history, but also laid the foundation of what is known today as ‘Parliamentary Privilege’. In response to King Charles I’s questions about the whereabouts of these Members, the Speaker William Lenthall famously remarked that “I have neither eyes to see nor tongue to speak in this place but as the…

During the Civil War, in which Charles’ execution occurred in the middle of, there was no formal King, as the king had been killed and the heir was in exile. Oliver Cromwell, a political and military leader, came to power as the ruler of England during this time. During the civil war, he lead the New Model Army, made up of “Independents” who were to fight against the Presbyterians in Parliament and in Scotland. The New Model Army won and purged Parliament of all of it’s members that did not…

During the ruling of King Charles many changes occurred in England, many changes received harsh backlash. There were pros and cons to having King Charles rule. He chose to rule without Parliament and gave the people of England new taxes to pay. The King disliked working with the Parliament so instead of asking them for money he created new taxes for people to pay to get the funds he needed. Many objected to the taxes pointing out that they were illegal since Parliament did not approve them…

Prior to the establishment of the Stuart dynasty, Queen Elizabeth I ruled from 1558 to 1603. Her rule was unique to her time period, as she ruled as a politique, separating the church and state, somewhat, to maintain, control, and grow her governance. Elizabeth utilized Parliament to ensure her hold on church leadership, while tolerating the practice of other religions, effectively subduing religious rebellions and constant changing that were popularizing in rules prior to hers, Edward VI…

James I became a successor of English and Irish throne in 1603 upon the death of Elizabeth I being an experienced monarch of Scotland for twenty-nine years. Even though by 1603 James was already an experienced monarch ruling Scotland for 29 years, what shall not be forgotten, it does not essentially mean that he was to become a outstanding monarch of multiple kingdoms of England and Ireland, what is firstly suggested in the very fact that he is known by two names (James VI and James I) and…

Shakespeare’s Macbeth is a playwright written between 1599 and 1606, at the time of King James I’s reign. During the time period in which King James I ruled England, the “divine right of Kings” doctrine was in place. This was the belief that the king’s rule was God’s will and that the king was the mortal representation of God on Earth. Additionally, it was during this time where religion drove people’s ethics and moral choices, which is why biblical allusions and parallels are often seen in…

but soon was successful in his own ways. Penn got his huge area of the ‘New World’ because King Charles II was in debt to Penn’s recently deceased father. To repay this debt, King Charles II gave Penn a charter to begin a colony in the huge chunk of the ‘New World’ that he had also just given him. After beginning his new colony, many settlers came from many countries in Europe including Scotland, England, France, Sweden and Ireland. His colony soon became known as the “Holy Experiment.” Any race…