Cetuximab

Critical numeracy is the ability to think discernibly about the way mathematical concepts are being used in everyday contexts, such as the media (reference).The ability is particularly relevant in the light of media claims about sensitive social issues and in the light of advertisements that make claims for products on the market. As teachers, we want to cultivate critical minds that analyse and understand how the media can manipulate their view on almost every topic, since we cannot make sense of the world without guidance. To aid in meeting the standards of critical numeracy for education, Professor Jane Watson engineered a tiered framework for analysing. The first article I am going to describe is Melbourne tenants hit with record rent as house median jumps to $410 a week from The Melbourne Age. The article describes the rise in rent prices of inner-city Melbourne homes, and states that rent may now cost an extra $50 compared to a year ago (Zhou, 2017). The mathematical term used in the article is median. Median is the middle value in a set of data in numerical order. The median house price is the midway point of all the houses/units sold at market price over a set period. The reason the median price is utilised rather than the mean is mainly that it is a more accurate indicator of the market, as it reflects the sample size being investigated. An example would be, if test scores out of 30 were 17, 22, 18, 29, 30, 19, 10, and 13, the median score would be 18, since it…

targeting the extracellular domain are the anti–EGFR monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) like cetuximab, panitumumab, nimotuzumab, matuzumab, and zalutumumab while the other group is called tyrosine kinase inhibitors like gefitinib and erlotinib (55,56). We will focus in this review on the anti – EGFR monoclonal antibodies especially cetuximab and their role either with radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy in unresectable LA SCCHN. 4. Cetuximab 4.1. Rationale for using cetuximab in LA SCCHN Cetuximab is a…

entities, for indications based pricing Indications based pricing may be more difficult to administer under Medicare Part B, compared to Medicare Part D, because Part B drugs are billed with Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS) codes instead of National Drug Codes (ndc). We recommend that CMS determine indication(s) that the drug is treating through a prior approval or pre-certification process with provider instead of determining the indication through medical claims data.…

uses high energy beams to kill the cancer. Chemotherapy is another treatment used to kill cancer. With chemotherapy, chemicals are used. Sometimes both chemotherapy and radiation therapy are combined to make the treatment more effective. If the cancer has developed to a later stage, surgery may be used to remove the cancer. The tumor and the area around it will be removed. Larger tumors might mean a larger amount of tissue will be cut out of your mouth. If this happens, you may need…

oral cancer. At times the surgeon also removes lymph nodes in the neckline. Patients may have surgery alone or in combination with radiation therapy. Radiation therapy Radiation therapy (also called radiotherapy) is a form of treatment which affects cells only in the treated area. It may be used before surgery to shrink the tumor and kill cancer cells. It also may be used after surgery to destroy cancer cells that may remain in the area. Radiation therapy consists of high-energy emission of rays…

directly into the melanomas at very specific, designed points in time for six months or until they can be injected into. This immunologic approach for skin cancer is revolutionary, as it is a very serious disease that can make its way throughout the body, causing it to become more dangerous and much harder to treat (fda). Monoclonal antibodies are molecules created in labs that are designed to mimic antibodies like the ones that naturally occur a part of our immune system. After binding to a…

Drug targeted therapies is one of the treatments involved in NSCLC patients. Some of the more common drug targeted therapies involve the drugs, Cetuximab (antibody that targets EGFR) and Erlotinib (blocks EGFR from signaling the cell to grow). Another major form of treatment of NSCLC is chemotherapy. Some mutations that cause NSCLC include EGFR mutations that occur at exon 18-21. HERS2 mutations can occur at exon 20. Inactivation of tumor suppressor pathways such as TP53 is another mutation…

Beam Therapy, Image Guided Radiation Therapy (IGRT), Stereotactic Radiotherapy (SRT), and Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS). Other one is Intraoperative Radiation Therapy which is used during surgery. The last type is Internal Radiation or Brachytherapy that usually get treated by patient who doesn’t want to into surgery like old people. It can be delivered in either interstitial radiation therapy or intracavitary. Targeted therapy: Focused on treatment is utilized to treat organize…

treatment, based on its potential role in the regulation of major and early carcinogenic processes of HCC [80]. Ligands that bind to the EGFR, such as EGF, play a central role both in tumor angiogenesis and proliferation, via mechanism mediated by the activation of RAF/ MEK/ERK and PI3/AKT/mTOR pathways [81]. Thus, based on their efficacy in the treatment of most solid tumors, targeting of EGF/EGFR signaling pathway may be beneficial for HCC treatment [82]. As a result, variable therapeutic…