Cervical vertebrae

infection or HPV-caused disease are not treated via vaccine. Biological background: HPV is the reason of some of the cancers. Several types of cancers are because of high-risk HPVs. -Cervical cancer: HPV is responsible for all cases of cervical cancer but only HPV type 16 and 18 are the reasons of about 70% of all cases of cervical cancer (7,8). -Anal cancer: HPV cause about 95% of anal cancers. HPV type 16 is the reason of the most of…

1. Cervical polyp. A cervical polyp is a tear-shaped or lobular structures that appears red, purple, or flesh-colored located on the cervix that is usually smaller than three centimeters (Laufer, 2016). Chronic inflammation of the cervical canal and hormone factors may increase the rise for polyps to develop. Often times the cause is unknown. A patient with a cervical polyp will present with painless spotting that occurs after sexual intercourse or irregularly during the menstrual cycle. A…

Ligand Interactions in Cervical Cancer Patients: Are There Predictions for Patient Survivorship? Aman Kumar State University of New York at Fredonia1, Department of Psychology2 INTRODUCTION Oncogenes are genes that are involved in abnormal tissue growth and exhibit a wide-variety of mutant protein expression (oncoproteins). Such genes are involved in causing cervical cancer which may begin with the frequent infection of the human papillomavirus (HPV). In most women, cervical intraepithelial…

Cervical cancer is one of the leading cancers in women, particularly around women between the ages of 30-45. Cervical cancer is an abnormal growth of cells within the woman’s cervix. If left undetected or untreated, it has the potential of spreading to other parts of the body, eventually leading to death. The human papilloma virus (HPV) is the precursor to cervical cancer. HPV infects cells in the cervix and causes dysplasia that leads to cervical cancer. Picture from American Cancer Society…

Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma In 2011, an estimated 1300 new cases of cervical cancer were diagnosed in Canada, with about 350 deaths stated by the Canadian Cancer Society (as cited in CMAJ, 2013). Cervical cancer is a disease that can be very serious. It is one of the most common types of cancer in women worldwide. To properly care for these patient’s nurses should have a strong knowledge and understanding about the pathophysiology, risk factors, stages, treatments, and nursing…

differences between the vertebrae in the spine, are shape and secondary functionality. The cervical vertebrae are the smallest, they are the most flexible allowing the biggest range of head movement. The only vertebra containing no vertebral body, the axis, is located in the cervical vertebrae. Thoracic vertebrae are mid sized, and the physical shape of the thoracic vertebrae are the most rigid because they connect the ribcage and torso to the spine. Thoracic vertebrae are the only vertebrae to…

Physical Therapy is a huge field of study. Today Physical Therapists can help more people now than ever before, and their help is in demand. Technology and medical advances have made it possible for these professionals to meet society’s huge expectations. All of the benefits society reaps from this profession would not be possible without the use of geometry. Without geometry people who are affected by arthritis, strokes, heart disease, and other conditions that require long term care could not…

some mild ataxia was reportedly seen in the forelimbs, proprioception and reflexes were normal. This was enough evidence to suggest a cervical spinal cord lesion. Radiographs obtained under sedation, showed a reduction of the intervertebral disc space between cervical vertebrae C5 and C6 as well as collapse of the intervertebral disc space between cervical vertebrae C6 and C7. Disc calcification was not evident. Myelography supported the diagnosis of…

such delineation. Perin v. Hayne Ilene Perin, the plaintiff, was a patient who suffered from several associated issues and pains, in which the cause was determined to be two protruding cervical discs in her neck. Dr. Robert Hayne, the defendant and attending neurosurgeon, suggested the fusion of the two cervical discs would subside the pain and other related issues in her neck, back, right arm, and extremities. Upon the conclusion of a successful bone fusion…

may cause injuries. Cervical spinal injuries are usually categorized as a head and neck injury and their incidence varies from 4 to 22% (Kartal, Yiliran, Senkoylu,& Korkusuz 2004). Severe muscle spasms, spinal cord injuries, herniation of the disc and fracture dislocation are listed as acute injuries to the cervical spine in soccer (Kartal et al., 2004). Kartal et al. (2004) hypothesized that recurrent trauma from head butting a soccer ball may case degeneration at the cervical spine. Kartal et…