Cell wall

The world of microbiology is a vast one. In theory, microbiology is the study of single celled micro organisms and viruses, that work independently of each other. These microbial cells are the backbone and fundamental unit of life. Most of the biomass present on earth today is microbial, with almost 5.3x10^30 cells present, mostly in terrestrial and oceanic subsurfaces. Within these subsurfaces, many microbial communities exist, with especially specific types of bacteria having important niches…

After the cell reaches the confluence, the various concentrations of the samples were added and incubated for 24 hours. After incubation, the sample was removed from the well and washed with phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4) or MEM without serum. 100µl/well (5mg/ml)…

I expected the sheep brain to be much larger than it was in size, I did not expect the brain to be as small as it was. The sheep brain dissection lab was done in order to help students understand how important the structures and functions are in the human brain. A few external details I was able to identify were the frontal, occipital, temporal and parietal lobes as well as the difference between gyri and sulci. Some internal structures I struggled to point out was the hippocampus and the…

Enhancing Society at a Cost In recent years, scientists developed genetic engineering in animals. Gene modification enhances animals by increasing fertility, and allows the possibility of cloning. However, cloning and designing animals leads to the application of genetic modification in humans. In Dinesh D’Souza’s essay, “Staying Human,” he reveals the positive and negative effects of genetic engineering, but he affirms the unethical application of genetic engineering. Because of this…

where the Honor Biology class allotted during my ninth grade, and by maintaining a grade I was allowed to have AP Biology during my Junior Year. Biology lab enhanced my practical learning where I observed mitosis in developing embryonic cell of white fish, and plant cell both in Zea Mays Leaf (monocot) and Syringa leaf (eudicot). I keenly observed a dissected Pig's brain in the AP Biology lab, its anatomical structure influenced my passion.…

consists of 2 complementary strands in a helical structure where each strand serves as an informational template for the offspring during duplication (Rafael, 2010). An organism is made up of a vast collection of cells where each cell originates from a parent cell (Rafael, 2010). The cells require a way in which they can transfer and copy their genetic information efficiently (Bagley, 2013). The organism…

B D E C O S Y S T E M 2 0 1 5 Petersohn, D. ; Spencer, M. ; Fratila, A. ; Chi-RenShyu Present a novel method by using an in-memory computing environment database for all mammals in Ensembl release 80 for identifying, extracting, and indexing palindromes in a searchable. [27] Rathore, M.Mazhar ; Ahmad, Awais ; Paul, Anand ; Daniel, Alfred Proposes a set of requirements for obtaining pervasive, integrated information system of EOS and associated services like real-time and offline data…

such as hydrophobic interaction, hydrogen bond, van der Waals interactions etc. Protein-protein interaction plays an important role in functioning of body’s significant mechanism such as replication, transcription, translation, signal transduction, cell cycle, etc. Thus, proteins clusters together in a network map linking together various amino acids by peptide bond forming a three-dimensional structure. The entire map showing events of protein interactions that can occur in a living organism…

Genetic testing is a medical test that examines DNA, identifying any changes in it. The results obtained can determine if a person has or can pass on a genetic disorder or confirm any suspected genetic condition. However, a positive result doesn’t guarantee you would develop a disease even if you are a healthy individual. In return, a negative result doesn’t guarantee you possess a specific disorder. There are different types of genetic testing like diagnostic testing and prenatal testing just…

The Children of Men by P.D. James is a dystopian novel that takes place in a world where humans are no longer able to conceive children. Since the year 1995 all humans have become infertile and although they are required to receive tests to figure out why this has occurred there is no official cause to the epidemic. The protagonist of the novel, Theodore “Theo” Faron, is an academic who specializes in History, and teaches at the undergraduate level and he used to work for the government. Since…