Cell signaling

In modern molecular biology and genetics, the genome is the genetic material of an organism. It consists of DNA (or RNA in RNA viruses). The genome includes both the genes and the non-coding sequences of the DNA/RNA. Understanding Human Genetic Variation Genetics is the scientific study of inherited variation. Human genetics, then, is the scientific study of inherited human variation. We study genetic material due to following reasons; 1. One reason is simply an interest in better understanding…

There are roughly thirty-seven trillion cells present in the human body. Each of these cells have a specific function to perform like propagating one’s genes or carrying oxygen towards the different parts of the body. Some of these cells make up the skeletal system which is comprised of two hundred and seven different bones. Some of these cells make up the various organs in the body like the lungs and the heart. Some of these cells are responsible for the organs responsible for procreation, the…

the transport of K+ in the pulvinar cells (the thickening at the base of a leaflet that causes the movement of the leaflet based on differing turgor pressure in these cells). They tested many hypotheses regarding the seismonastic reaction in the Mimosa pudica, one of which tested whether there was an increased efflux of K+ from pulvinar cells during stimulation. The experimenters used all home-grown Mimosa pudica (sensitive plants). They removed pulvini cells from the stem by cutting above…

ABOUT LIVER TRANSPLANTATION What is a liver transplant? A liver transplant is a procedure performed to replace a diseased liver with a healthy liver from another person. During the liver transplantation surgery, the surgeon removes the diseased liver and replaces it with a healthy one. The surgery generally takes 4 - 12 hours to perform, and patients stay in the hospital for up to 3 weeks after the surgery. Most patients return to normal or near-normal activities 6 - 12 months following the…

DNA is our genetic code, it is permanent and unchangeable. Epigenetics are the mechanisms that influence DNA, it is the device that inhibits or increases our gene expression. Epigenetics can be influenced by many factors, for example nutrition and stress. Although the actual makeup of our genetic code isn’t changed by these factors, the extent to which the genes are expressed can be (Rettner, 2013). Epigeneticist Moshe Szyf highlighted the ways in which different behaviors can influence…

which makes it possible to identify genes that gives rise to phenotypic effects when they are switched off, and also helps to analyze the effects of these genes in cells or complete organisms. The first step in the gene trap process is to integrate an artificially constricted DNA into a genome of a cell line, usually an embryonic stem (ES) cell line. To carry out this…

Molds are multi- or unicellular while yeasts are unicellular in structure. Molds grow in the form of tangled mass called the mycelium which is composed of filamentous hyphae while yeasts are spherical or oval-shaped. Molds are colourful while yeast are colourless. Molds can reproduce through small spores sexually or asexually while yeast reproduce asexually by budding or binary fission through mitosis in which a nucleus is divided into two or more nuclei. Mould can grow on food with low pH…

students address during the beginning of the school year in Buffalo? During the beginning of the school year in Buffalo, students will study two parts of Living Environment in 7 weeks. The main topic is about the introduction to the course includes the cell which is the foundation of the study of all living things. The key idea 1 in curriculum, living things are both similar and different from each other from nonliving things. The enduring understanding is that Students will understand and…

the intracellular fluid causes the cell to lyse and expand, destroying the cell and nucleus membrane of the cell. Strawberries are soft and easy to crush using a mortar and pestle. The purpose of pulverizing the strawberries is to destroy the plants cell wall. The cell wall is made up of cellulose, a hard insoluble material that is tough and rigid to protect cells. Physical force was required to break the cell wall and expose the nucleus of the cell. Animal cells are diploid organisms containing…

Describe the structure and function of a lysosome. Lysosomes are a cell organelle, translating as an independent structure within a cell, possessing a specific structure and function. For a lysosome its functions include; digestion of intracellular or extracellular material, nutrition from digested macromolecules and defence/protection from harmful substances. Lysosomes are variable from cell to cell in terms of shape and size but are conventionally spherical or oval shaped, 0.5µm in diameter…