Cause of action

The Case against Affirmative Action Here are many reasons to go against Affirmative Action. Many people know of Stanford and believe it is a great University. Stanford has gone against racial minorities especially in hiring, contracting and financial aid. Recently the University has decided to change this policy because of a public debate on affirmative action. Affirmative action on the opposite of discrimination. All laws of the United Sates of American make sure all people are, and that they…

Affirmative action is a policy favoring people who tend to suffer from discrimination, especially in relation to employment or education; affirmative action is considered positive discrimination. Nicolaus Mills wrote this article Rethinking affirmative action after analyzing Columbia University’s professor Manning Marable 's biography, Malcolm X: A Life of Reinvention. In the biography, Marable examines the late Malcolm X ideas, theories, and ideologies in many different aspects in which Mills…

The experiments showed that the rate of action potentials can be affected by different stimulus and obstacles, like temperature or rate of which the action potential reaches the source though different obstacles. The earthworm experiment showed that action potentials work best under normal temperatures at which the organism can operate under like room temperature. Like in the FM imaging experiment it showed that most the earthworms sensors are on the surface of the earthworm, if the temperature…

Affirmative action is a highly controversial topic among many people. For some, affirmative action is seen as a great set of policies that ends discrimination in the workforce and the educational system. For others though, affirmative action seems to worsen the problem it is set out to end. While the diversity and the amount of opportunities that minorities get with affirmative action does increase, reverse discrimination is very apparent. This then causes two sides where one side is reaping the…

around it due to the passive channels. Once the sensory receptors have detected a stimulus, the graded potentials open up sodium chemical gates which cause sodium to enter the cell but, for an action potential to occur the graded potential must reach a certain threshold (-55mv). Once the graded potential reaches its threshold it can now turn into an action potential, the voltage-gated sodium channels open up, and the inside of the cell becomes highly positive due to all of the voltage-gated…

sensation. This is all do to a critical phenomenon known as action potential. Action potential is caused by a change in various ions, specifically sodium and potassium. When the neuron is in a resting state with -70mV, there is a great amount of potassium ions inside the cell, and a plethora of sodium ions outside the cell. For something to initiate an action potential, there must be a certain stimulus or impulse. This stimulus would cause voltage-gated sodium channels to open. As sodium flows…

The brain is an organ that controls different functions of the body. Neurons controls body functions, behaviors, and emotions but exactly how do neurons do this? First, let's define neuron. "A neuron is a specialized cell that can produce different actions because of its precise connections with other neurons, sensory receptors, and muscle cells (NIDA. 1996. 42)." Neurons have different processes or fibers called dendrites. Neurons fulfill body functions, behaviors, and emotions by passing…

nicotinic, these receptors are functionally and structurally different. Nicotinic receptors are ionotropic, meaning that ions flow through it when acetylcholine binds to it. It acts as a channel for the ions that cross it, especially sodium, and this causes the depolarization of the cell. There are two types of nicotinic receptors formed by different subunits, N1 are found in the neuromuscular junctions allowing muscle movement, and N2 is found in the brain. Muscarinic receptors, however, use…

tetanus and conduction velocity of action potentials. Muscle are either directly joined to the bone or connected by tendons, which by definition are resilient bundles of collagen fibers. Motor nerves innervate the fibers of the skeletal muscles, which is controlled voluntarily. The action potential in a muscle fiber allows for an increase in the influx of calcium causing what we know as a twitch. A twitch is a contraction of the muscle due to only one action potential generated. Muscle nerves…

Neurons communicate over long distances using action potentials. Action potentials occur as a result of rapid changes in membrane permeability. Resting membrane potential of a cell is approximately -70 millivolts. Large anions trapped inside the cell, negatively charged proteins, as well as a higher concentration of positively charged ions outside than inside are some of the factors that contribute to the initial negative charge within the cell at resting value. Ion concentration gradients as…