Causality

A new way to think about institutions When we think of institutions, we often think about the positives associated and how institutions can help people. However, despite what we often think, institutions can have a negative effect on individuals. Our society relies heavily on institutions, particularly the medical and educational institutions, however they often fail us, and as a result, negatively impact individuals. This is highlighted in ‘Whose life is it anyway?’, image 1 and the tragic…

In the article “Informal Institutions and Comparative Politics: A Research Agenda,” Gretchen Helmke and Steven Levitsky propose that informal institutions form as much or more importance in politics as formal institutions. Throughout the article Helmke and Levitsky provide us with similarities and comparisons of both institutions and a definition for each institution. According to both researchers, it is not possible to explain political performance without focusing on both institutions as we…

Struggles are lessons that bring blessings to people that make them stronger, and able to appreciate life more. When people go through struggles it makes them emotionally stronger. In fact, throughout high school, my mom was an alcoholic and was never home. We constantly argued about everything all the time. Experiencing this for years , I got fed up with it; which led me to experimenting with drugs , started skipping school, and started hanging out with the wrong group of people. The addiction…

Within my project I used illustrations of different fallacies that are commonly used to argue, persuade, and advertise to people. The three fallacies that I used were ad populum, ad verecundiam, and false cause (post hoc ergo propter hoc). While they were subtly used, they are able to illustrate what those specific fallacies are and why they are used in everyday advertising or arguments. The first fallacy I used in my advertisement for First Glitter was ad populum. This is simply stated as a…

Not finishing college In today’s society, teens are quickly thrown into adulthood with decision making that directly influences their future. However, they all do not develop the most successful lives. When picturing college, the idea of freedom and partying come to mind. Although this may be some individual’s motivation, not everyone can handle the work process and responsibilities that come with college. This leads to the loss of control of a previously planned out life. Many obstacles occur…

Incompatibilism and compatibilism are theories about the relationship between determinism and free will. Compatibilism is the idea that free will and determinism can coexist. Incompatibilists deny this by way of two theories; the denial of determinism (libertarianism) and the denial of free will. Determinism is the theory that every event was determined by a previous existing cause. Given the laws of nature and the initial state of the universe, there is only one possible course of history;…

What is morale? That is a very common question asked by people no matter what age. When describing what morale’s are we go into depth about how people feel about the company they work for, the employers they work under, the task they are set to accomplish, and the main thing is the behaviour and attitude tied to those different feelings. It’s important for employers to be able to take care of their work force and foster high morale so that they will be able to keep their organizations running…

1.Event-Causal Model of Human Agency and Its Difficulties Davidson proposes a ‘single line’ event-causal model of human agency, attempting to bring intentional states and actions into a single causal chain: an agent’s intentional states (or events), such as beliefs, desires and intentions, cause some bodily movement called ‘basic action’ to happen. There are different descriptions of this basic action, and under some of them, this action is intentional. (Davidson 2001/1963, 2001/1971) Even…

The Devastating Effects of Obesity In today’s society, there are many challenges people with obesity face. Whether it is the deterioration of health which adds to their morbidity and mortality rate or just low self-esteem derived as a result of bullying and poor self-image. Ultimately the effects of obesity on mankind can be devastating. Obesity can directly and indirectly affect body organ function, metabolism, mental health, relationships, and physical activity level, amongst other aspects…

Explain and discuss Hume’s account of causation. David Hume introduces and discusses his widely-debated theories and ideas surrounding human belief and knowledge in the two texts A Treatise of Human Nature and An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding. Using these two texts as the primary focus this essay shall critically explain and discuss Hume’s account of causation. Firstly, Hume’s concepts and theories surrounding human knowledge and belief will be critically discussed, focusing firstly,…