Catherine II of Russia

During the 17th and 18th centuries (A.D.), Russia was governed by two Emperors, respectively known as Peter the Great and Elizabeth the Great. Many advances were made during both reigns, in westernizing the country and in expanding its borders. Despite these various accomplishments, both Peter I and Catherine II were not as “Great” as their titles suggested due to policy issues, their callous treatment of people, and oppressive autocratic reigns. Peter Alexeyevich created many ambitious…

In order to analyse the extent to which Catherine the Great can be thought of as an enlightened despot, it is first necessary to define the term enlightenment. Immanuel Kant’s definition is effective to consider how far Catherine fulfils this description. Kant suggests that a lack of courage and resolution to use one’s own understanding without the guidance of another creates a self-incurred immaturity from which one must emerge in order to be enlightened. By saying, ‘Have courage to use your…

He did not limit his reforms to appease the nobility in order for his success like Catherine II, but fought against them. Despite his alienation from the nobility and the church, he was successful in his reforms during his lifetime. He drastically changed the Austrian Empire by abolishing serfdom, allowing religious toleration, and annulling the death penalty. Most importantly, Joseph II believed that everyone had the same basic rights and that the government may not interfere with them…

father: Alexis of Russia, his mother:Natalya Naryshkina and his religion was Russian Orthodoxy , Russia on 9 June 1672 and he died in Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire on 8 February 1725. He became emperor of Russia in 2 November 1721 and he resigned in 8 February 1725 when he died, his successor was Catherine I. He reign the tsar of Russia 7 May 1682 and stop it 2 November 1721 when he became the emperor, the coronation was in the day of 25 June 1682, his predecessor was Feodor II and the…

and prejudice. The many great thinkers of the Enlightenment transformed and affected history, especially through events in England, Russia, and the United…

economic crises alike, imperial Russia was piloted by tsars and tsarinas to rise as a modern empire. From its ambiguous beginnings in 1613, the Romanov dynasty was born from the boyar nobles of feudal Russia, bearing historically significant figures like Ivan the Great, Ivan the Terrible, Peter the Great, and Catherine the Great; these characters formed a foundation that Russia would stand on for centuries to come. With economic, social, and political evolution, Russia saw the continuity…

The Enlightenment period was during the 18th century in Europe. It is a form of the absolutism of monarchy. Some examples of leaders during this time period was Frederick the Great, Maria Theresa, Catherine the Great, and Joseph II. These were the Most Enlightened Absolutism Leaders during the period and they did several important things that led them to become one of the most memorable people in European history. To be an Enlightened Monarch, these leaders will need to have their own ideals on…

example of these despots being Frederick the Great of Prussia and Joseph II of the Holy Roman Empire. However, despite being dubbed “enlightened”, Frederick and Joseph only enacted enlightened ideas to an extent. While they did enact some enlightened reforms, especially in education and religious toleration, they showed despotic (tyrannical) thinking in their economic policies. First, both Frederick the Great and Joseph II made improvements…

Joseph II was the son of and ruled alongside her between 1765 and 1780. He sought to expand imperial power and refused to be crowned king of , confiscating the Crown of Saint Stephen. b. Joseph II instituted broad social reforms, including the abolishment of the legal status of and gave peasants…

this point is near the second sentence of the page, “Frederick William II also improved Prussian farming…