Cartilage

from the resting zone stop replicating and enlarge to become hypertrophic chondrocytes (1). These terminally differentiated cells maintain a columnar alignment in the hypertrophic zone. The processes of chondrocyte proliferation, hypertrophy, and cartilage matrix secretion result in chondrogenesis.…

body ages the red marrow is replaced with yellow bone marrow. The ends of the bone are called epiphysis. The proximal epiphysis is the end towards the top of the bone. The distal epiphysis is the end at the bottom of the bone. Hylaline cartilage, or articicular cartilage, covers the joint surface and reduces friction from the joints. The metaphysis is the area in an older bone in between the diaphysis and the epiphysis. The metaphysis area contains the epiphyseal plate or the growth plate.…

Perichondritis is an infection of the outer ear (auricle). The auricle is made of firm, flexible tissue (cartilage) that is covered by a layer of tissue (perichondrium). Infection of the perichondrium (perichondritis) causes a swollen and painful ear. Perichondritis is treated with antibiotic medicine. If the infection is severe, your child may need surgery. Untreated perichondritis can destroy cartilage in the auricle and cause an ear deformity. CAUSES This condition is caused by an ear…

The articular cartilage has viscoelastic properties. This unique feature allows articular cartilage to carry out its functions, to absorb the compressive load and transmit it to the subchondral bone (Sophia Fox et al., 2009). Excessive loading on cartilage can damage the extracellular matrix and increase catabolic activity (Sun, 2010). Moreover, bone in the osteoarthritic stage has lower modulus to absorb the forces, and transfer the load back to cartilage (Leng et al., 2013). This vicious…

Cartilage provides a smooth surface for joint motion and acts as a cushion between the bones. Deterioration of cartilage can lead to degeneration in the joint, causing pain, swelling and problems moving the joint. Causes Genetics: Certain genetic factors can increase a person’s risk of developing osteoarthritis. One possibility is a rare defect in collagen production. Collagen is a protein that makes up cartilage. This abnormality can cause osteoarthritis…

this abduction process. Originating from a widespread area on either side of the cricoid lamina, (Culbertson & Tanner, 2011) this muscle inserts to a narrow area termed the muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage. The purpose of the cricoarytenoid muscle is to move the arytenoid cartilage so that it assists with the opening of the vocal folds.…

human skeletal system consists of 206 bones, as well as a network of tendons, ligaments and cartilage that connects them. The skeletal system performs vital functions — support, movement, protection, blood cell production, calcium storage and endocrine regulation — that enable us to survive. Muscles connect to your skeleton and they contract and move the skeleton along. Your skeletal system is made up of cartilage and calcified bone that work together. They help the process of movement happen in…

Musculoskeletal Toxicity is the adverse effects to the structure and/or function of the muscles, bones, and joints after exposure to chemical substances. Furthermore, it can lead to sever health problems such as arthritis, fluorosis and osteomalacia. Creative Biolabs has conducted pre-clinical musculoskeletal toxicity study for both side-effect profiling and efficacy for over 20 years. Our staff, with their vast experience, is dedicated in assisting you to properly evaluate your lead series and…

Tens of millions of people live with non-communicable diseases everyday of their lives. Some are born with them, and others contract them over a period of time for various reasons. One of the most common non-communicable diseases that are contracted over a period of time is called Arthritis. Arthritis is a disease of inflammation of one ore more of your joints. The symptoms that come along with it are joint pain, stiffness, and sharp or aching pain. Though, the pain you feel from arthritis will…

cells to come inside. As the cartilage cells reduce, the bone cells fill in the the empty space with more bone. The outer compact bone portion does not have much empty space, and the center of the bone consisting of the spongy bone and marrow cavity are filled with the yellow and red marrow. The cartilage continues to disperse leaving room for new bone. A person’s bone length is dependent on the extra cartilage they receive during early childhood. The only cartilage that will remain after the…