Cartilage

Past Medical & Surgical History, Pathophysiology of medical diagnoses (with APA citations) 1. Iron Deficiency Anemia: The most commonly occuring cause of anemia. Iron deficiency results in the lack of iron for hemoglobin synthesis within the body. This may be a result of low intake, diminished absorption, physiological increase in requirements, excessive iron loss, chronic renal failure, hemodyalisis, and idiopathic iron loss. (Copstead & Banasik, 2013) KG receives frequent blood transfusions to…

Osteoarthritis (OA), commonly known as wear and tear arthritis, is the most common type of arthritis. It occurs when the cartilage or cushion between joints breaks down leading to pain, stiffness and swelling. Risk factors for OA include age, gender, trauma, overuse, genetics and obesity. “When we walk, when we go up and down stairs, or get into or out of a chair or car, we can put three to five times our body weight, and sometimes more, on the joints,” says Geoffrey Westrich, attending…

In William Lloyd Garrison’s “Address to the American Colonization Society” and George Fitzhugh”s “Cannibals All!”, both authors metaphorically incorporate the idea of cannibalism in their writing to strengthen their argument regarding slavery. Cannibals All! verbally attacks the moralistic viewpoints of the Northern abolitionists and the laissez-faire capitalism of the North. Fitzhugh deeply roots the idea of “moral cannibalism” in his defense to argue that the Northern industrialists, as well…

Genetic Skeletal Dysplasias: A Guide to Diagnosis and Management “Skeletal Dysplasias are a large, heterogeneous group of genetic disorders characterized by abnormal growth, development, and maintenance of skeletal cartilage and bone” (Sewell et al, 2015, p. 575). The severity of skeletal dysplasias has a great range from premature arthritis in individuals with average height to death a few weeks before births or right after birth. Individuals with skeletal dysplasia often have extreme short…

Summary 1 ; Substitute of animals in drug research: An approach towards fulfillment of 4R's . Arora, T., Mehta, A., Joshi, V., Mehta, K., Rathor, N., Mediratta, P., & Sharma, K. (2011). Substitute of animals in drug research: An approach towards fulfillment of 4R's. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 73(1), 1-6. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/904096963?accountid=158790 Animal testing has been one of the biggest worries of environmentalists and animals friends . Few…

ankles and other joints. Even simple tasks such as standing can be very excruciating. Much like gout, osteoarthritis can cause severe pain when walking and moving due to the wearing down of cartilage around the joint because of the excessive pressure from the weight on them. Even after weight loss once the cartilage has worn down you cannot get it back. All of these factors make obesity more difficult to deal with and even harder to…

patients I see over the age of 50, and it strikes more women than men. But like many of today's chronic health problems, osteoarthritis is an inflammatory condition — in this case, it's your joints that are impacted —caused by the breakdown of cartilage. In severe cases, you're left with bone rubbing on bone. A modern inflammatory diet, genetic factors and physical injury all play a role in developing the condition. Environmental toxins and pollutions also trigger inflammation and contribute…

Rheumatoid Arthritis is an autoimmune disease that targets synovial tissues, cartilage and bone (Smolen & Keystone, 2012). In an autoimmune disease, the immune system mistakes the body's own cells for invaders and attacks healthy cells and organs instead of pathogens (Spriggs, 2014). The two long bones of the forearm, the radius and the ulna, are connected through the radioulnar joint, a joint that is divided into a proximal and a distal half (Savvidou, Murphy, Mailhot, Shushan, Scheker, 2013).…

implant, it may lead to soft tissue injury and scarring, which may frequently cause a contracted nose deformity. In essence, if an individual develops infection post rhinoplasty surgery, he/she may be susceptible to the destruction of soft tissue and cartilage alike, and the subsequent scarring can cause significant deformity.…

Regeneration of the axolotl is dependent upon the blastema (Aguilar et al 2015). The blastema formation takes place during dedifferentiation. (Satoh et al 2010). The blastema is formed from progenitor cells in the uninjured limb by re-expressing embryonic genes. The origin of these blastema cells are controversial, as many have a hypothesis of where are originally derived. (Whited & Tabin 2009). For instance, Aguilar et al (2015) suggests that the formation of the blastema is dependent on nerve…