Cartilage

Just like pores on human skin which absorb elements of the world around us, the holes all over the sponge’s body as essentially pores as well. The function of the holes all over the sponge’s body is to allow water to be absorbed into the sponge’s body. Through the absorption of water, the sponge also absorbs food and oxygen to ensure survival. There is no one set type of symmetry for sponges. Therefore, not all sponges have the same type of symmetry. Sponges can range from asymmetrical to…

Clinical Presentation of Paget's disease of bone Symptoms of Paget's disease Paget's disease often has no symptoms and many people don't know they have the condition. The most common symptom is bone pain, but may include joint pain and signs of a nerve being compressed or damaged. Bone pain Bone pain caused by Paget's disease has been described as a constant, dull pain deep within the affected part of the body. The pain is usually worse at night when the patients are lying down. The affected…

serious long-term clinical syndrome with restricted treatment options and deprived outcomes. There are many subsets of this disease but essentially all of them will lead to “persistent synovial inflammation and associated damage to the articular cartilage and underlying bone.” This autoimmune immune disease affects three times more frequently in women after their forty’s and elderly people, suggesting this could be due to a hormonal pathogenic factor. This systemic autoimmune…

proof that concussions cause long term problems. However, having multiple concussions may contribute to a mild cognitive impairment that affects memory and thinking skills. An ACL tear may damage the surrounding cartilage that can worsen over time. ACL tears affects your long term cartilage…

Chordates, which is the phylum or classification of fish and mammals of the sea, are the most developed marine organisms. Scientists believe that Chordates originated about 590 million years ago. The original organisms of the Chordata phylum are believed to have lacked skeletal structures, and therefore, left a very undetermined fossil record. The vertebrate fossil record begins approximately 400 million years ago. Early Chordates were tunicates, marine organisms that would frequently form…

the Human Body in seven books”. The first book in the series was called The Bones and Cartilages, which constitutes about a quarter of the entire collection of books about the human anatomy. In this book he wrote about his observations on the bones and cartilage of the human body, of which he collected for cemeteries. It covers the physical appearance of the bones and the differentiation of human bones and cartilage by function. Within each of the chapters Vesalius describes the bones in great…

synovial hinge joint, commonly known as the knee. The four bones that make up the knee joint are the femur (thigh bone), the tibia (shin bone), the fibula (lateral shin bone), and the patella (knee cap). Connective tissue known as articulating cartilage lines the ends of the tibia and femur, and the anterior of the patella, reducing friction and providing a surface for smooth contact during flexion, extension or rotation. The knee joint also contains the medial meniscus and lateral…

formation of bone tissue and results in dwarfism. The word achondroplasia means without cartilage formation because people who have achondroplasia have trouble converting cartilage into bone; although they do not have trouble creating cartilage itself. Ossification is the name of this specific process people with achondroplasia have trouble completing effectively. The inability for the proteins to convert cartilage to bone makes their bones not grow to a normal…

The action triggers two involuntary actions, the soft palate, the back of the roof of the mouth, closes off the nasal cavity, and the epiglottis (a flap of cartilage) tilts downwards to seal…

fibromyalgia, and gout. (“Sources of Arthritis Pain”)” Osteoarthritis is a disease in which the cartilage in the joints between bones wear down. This causes the bones to slowly enlarge. Some symptoms include joint stiffness, swelling, cracking or grinding with movement, and the joint itself becomes dysfunctional (“Diseases and Conditions Osteoarthritis”, Srikulmontree). It is caused by damage to the cartilage, overuse, and can even be a symptom of another type of arthritis (“Osteoarthritis:…