Cardiovascular diseases

Arterial system of frog Blood vessels, which carry oxygenated blood away from heart to different part of the body, are called arteries. They constitute a system called arterial system. Truncus arterious gives two branches right aortic trunk and left aortic trunk. Each aortic trunk again divides into three branches- a) Carotid arch: it divides into – Lingual artery – it supplies blood to tongue and hyoid. Common carotid – it supplies blood to buccal cavity and brain. it consists swelling at the…

1. List the functions of the cardiovascular system. What are the different types of blood vessels? Which vessels carry blood towards the heart? Which carry blood away from the heart? Where does gas exchange occur? The functions of the cardiovascular system are: pumping blood to body tissues and organs; maintaining homeostasis; and transport gases, waste, and hormones. The different types of blood vessels are: arteries, capillaries, and veins. The vessels that carry blood towards the heart are…

Compare and contrast Structure: The main objective of the cardiovascular system is to transport materials around the body with blood serving as its transport medium. Blood is contained and transported in hollow tubes known as blood vessels. The body has three main types: Arteries, capillaries and Veins. All arteries (with the exception of pulmonary and umbilical arteries) transport Oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body. They branch off into smaller structures named…

Hyaloid canal: The hyaloid canal is a small, transparent tunnel that traces its path through the vitreous body of the eye, spanning the optic nerve disc to the lens. In an adult person, the hyaloid canal carries lymph to help change the volume of the lens. When the lens expands, the hyaloid canal compresses, so that the eye’s internal pressure and volume remain constant (Merriam-Webster). Optic nerve: A part of the central nervous system, the optic nerve connects the eye to the brain, carrying…

The blood is a fluid connective tissue which is unlike most connective tissues taking form in solid aggregation of cells. With this characteristic, it is able to serve specialized functions for the body. First of the many functions of the blood, it serves as the medium of distribution of oxygen and nutrients to cells in our body. The hemoglobin found in the erythrocytes of the blood are the oxygen carriers that will bind oxygen from air inspired and will release it to the cells once the blood…

1. Anatomy of the trachea and bronchi. The trachea (Fig.1) is a cartilaginous and membranous tube, extending from the lower part of the larynx, on a level with the sixth cervical vertebra, to the upper border of the fifth thoracic vertebra, where it divides into two main bronchi, one for each lung. The trachea is nearly but not quite cylindrical, being flattened posteriorly; it measures about 11 cm. in length; its diameter, from side to side, is from 2 to 2.5 cm., being always greater in…

About blood Functions Blood is the biological fluid in our body that transports nutrients and oxygen to the cells, and also exports the metabolic waste product away from the cells. To ensure the supply of oxygen needed by our organs and tissues, there are four important steps: 1. The oxygen must be transferred from our lungs into the blood plasma 2. The oxygen is stored on the hemoglobin in the red cells 3. The oxygen is transported to our body cells via circulation. 4. The oxygen is released…

About the size of a large fist, heart is made up of cardiac muscle, myocardium, with skeletal muscle-like striations. It has two upper atria & two lower ventricles separated vertically by septum, and four main valves with which the blood makes its directional flow into and out of the heart. Deoxygentated blood with which the blood flows into and out of the organ. Deoxygenated blood enters through the venae cava fills the right atrium (RA) and right ventricle (RV) through the tricuspid valve.…

The cardiovascular system operates our body by distributing and circulating blood to parts of our body. The blood in our body contains red and white blood cells, plasma, and platelets. Those are then distributed through the body to the pulmonary circulation. The human heart is the engine of the pulmonary circulation (Farley,2012). Blood is then delivered to our heart. Waste from the cells of our body is removed and blood is distributed to our vines (Farley, 2012). Therefore when we engage in…

All tissues in the body rely on oxygen (O2) that is transported in the blood to meet their metabolic needs. O2 is carried in two ways: dissolved or bound to hemoglobin. About 98% of oxygen is transported bound to hemoglobin. And the remaining 2% is carried in the dissolved state. Dissolved oxygen is the only form that diffuses across the cell membranes and produces a partial pressure (PO2) which drives diffusion. The transport of O2 involves the transfer from the alveoli to the pulmonary…