Cardiology

Non-ST Segment Elevation Heart Attack A heart attack occurs when a blood vessel on the surface of the heart (coronary artery) is blocked and interrupts blood supply to the heart muscle. This causes that area of the heart muscle to permanently scar. This blockage may be caused by cholesterol buildup (atherosclerotic plaque) within a coronary artery. The plaque cracks which creates a rough surface where blood cells attach, forming a clot. Chest discomfort that happens with exertion and goes away…

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common form of feline cardiomyopathies. This disease affects the cardiovascular system. The heart has many important anatomical features. One of these being the ventricle of the heart. The ventricle of the heart is the main heart muscle that pumps blood. When HCM occurs the left ventricle within the heart thickens. When the thickening of the ventricle occurs there will be a decreased ventricular chamber volume, and abnormal ventricular relaxation.…

Heart Murmurs and its Effect on the Body System Unusual or abnormal sounds that are heard during a heartbeat are referred to as heart murmurs. Murmurs can range from very faint to very loud and sometimes sound like a whooshing or a swishing noise. Although heart murmurs can be present at time of birth they can also be developed later in life as well. Heart murmurs are not diseases but can indicate an underlying heart problem. Normal heart beats usually make a “lub-dub” type of sound which…

The nurse will want to listen to see how loud the heart murmur is. Once she listens she will need to rate the murmur on a scale of 1 to 6, with 6 being the loudest. When listening to the murmur the nurse needs to note on what position on the heart the murmur is located. For example, is it on the back of the heart? She should listen to the pitch of the murmur. It is high, medium or low-pitched. What things affects the sounds. Does moving the infant or laying the infant in a certain position.…

Introduction: Why is Psychology Important? Why is Psychology important? According to the American Psychological Association, psychologists “examine the relationships between brain function and behavior, applying what they learn to illuminate our understanding and improve the world around us” (apa.org, 2016). This, in turn, benefits the society we coexist in. Psychologists use the familiar scientific method (observe, propose a hypothesis, experiment to test hypothesis, and analyze data to accept…

Patient 1 – Cardiovascular A fifty-six year old male was checked into the ER with severe angina (pain in the chest that makes it difficult to breathe caused by poor blood flow to the myocardium) (the middle and thickest layer of the heart wall, composed of the cardiac muscle) (Miller, 2003). Upon checking his vitals the patient is noted to have an arrhythmia (when the speed or rhythm the heart is beating is not normal), while also suffering from tachycardia (when the heart beats exceeding fast…

Sarah Hill 0583028 BIOL 3830H F03 Simon Tapper Wednesday, October 11th, 2017 The relationship between blood physiology and cardiac ability in Equus caballus compared to Bos taurus and Capra aegagrus hircus compared to Canis lupus familiaris Abstract The purpose of this experiment was to study the relationship between blood physiology and the ability to transport oxygen. The red blood cell content, hematocrit percent, and hemoglobin concentrations of Equus caballus (horse) and Bos taurus…

1. (8pts) From these data, graph your mean arterial pressure (MAP; see formula) and heart rate (y axes) vs. workload (in METS) on the x-axis (include resting results). Using this information, answer the following questions. Show ALL work. MAP = [1/3 (SBP-DBP)] +DBP MAP: [1/3 (SBP-DBP)] + DBP Resting (supine) - [1/3 (118-72)] + 72= 87.33~87 mmHg Resting (standing) - [1/3 (108-70)] + 70= 82.67~83 mmHg Bruce Protocol Stage 1 - [1/3 (120-64)] + 64= 82.67~83 mmHg Bruce Protocol Stage 2 -…

Diagnosis History and clinical examination in NTG is similar to PAOG with special attention to some differences. 1) History Special attention should be made to systemic associations and predisposing factors, including migraine, Raynaud’s phenomenon, episodes of shock, systemic hypotension and obstructive sleep apnea. All these factors may contribute to compromised ocular blood flow. (Kanski & Bowling, 2011). 2) Clinical examination There is evidence that the left eye is 2.5 times more likely…

PERIPARTUM CARDIOMYOPATHY PRECIPITATED BY PREECLAMPSIA: CASE REPORT Dr Mukti Harne MBBS,Resident Obstetrics and Gynaecology Dr Sumedha Harne MBBS,MD, Infertility Specialist Senior Consultant Abstract Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is associated with one in every 3000 to 15000 deliveries , affecting thousands of women every year.According to the definition , PPCM includes cardiac failure in the last trimester of pregnancy or within six months of delivery, absence of an identifiable cause…