Cardiac muscle

Dystrophy or DMD. DMD is an X-linked disorder caused by mutations of the human gene that produces a dystrophin protein, which help produce muscle fibers. The lack of this protein causes weakens of cardiac and skeletal muscle fiber. This protein is necessary for…

know is what a muscle is and how it works. According to Medicine net a muscle is “the tissue of the body which primarily functions as a source of power.” A muscle is also used for movement and keeping body parts in their right positions. There are 3 different types of muscles, Skeletal which is generally the muscle connected to the bone. Then there is the Cardiac which is only found in the heart, it is responsible for pumping blood through the body. Lastly there is the smooth muscle which is the…

AIM: Sarcopenia has been defined as an involuntary loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength and/or function. The presence of sarcopenia in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) may have prognostic effects and may be mistaken for poor therapeutic control of PD. We aimed to evaluate sarcopenia in patients with PD. METHODS: One hundred non-demented PD patients, and 95 healthy subjects were included in the study. Avarage-Muscle mass, weight, bone mass, fat mass, basal metabolism rate (BMR), body…

athlete's, legs are also very important. One important muscle group of the leg includes the quadriceps muscles, otherwise known as the quadriceps femoris. The quadriceps are made out of four other different muscles, that all work towards a specific function for the body. Although it might not be one of the most important muscles, the quadriceps muscles are a very important leg muscle that has a great impact on our lives. The quadricep femoris muscles cover most of the femur and is made up of…

The human body is split up into several systems, which each have their own set functions (Kinworthy, 5). Every system has their own limitations of what they can do. This is due to differentiation the cells within each system become specialized for specific functions (Martini, & Bartholomew, 2). If something were to happen to one of your systems, your body’s other systems could not help because their cells do not have the ability to do what the other systems cells did (Kinworthy, 5). An example…

together to strengthen muscle fibres and protect them from injury as muscles contract and relax. Dystrophin is produced by the DMD gene and mutations cause Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies, which lead to reduced amounts of dystrophin in skeletal muscle cells. This reduced amount of dystrophin causes muscles to weaken and damage over time, causing the build up of fat rather than muscle. This pseudohypertrophy causes the appearance of enlarged muscle, namely in the calf muscles, in those…

Arterioles form a “network throughout the body so they can supply blood to areas of demand as they contain muscles themselves which contract to restrict the blood flow or relax to allow full blood flow.” (Parsons, 2009, p72) Capillaries allow the exchange of substances like glucose and oxygen to the muscles throughout aerobic exercise. This is important as during the exercise period ATP is needed by the muscle cells to carry out the contractions. This occurs through respiration. Respiration is…

and the lower limbs. This allows for movement, protection and support of the internal organs. The skeletal system provides the support for the entire body. Individual bones or groups of bones provide a framework for the attachment of soft tissues (muscle and organs).…

that Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids can have on muscle development in the human body. Anabolic-androgenic steroids are commonly known for being taken for personal use but, there are many medical conditions where anabolic-androgenic steroids must be used and this will also be discussed. Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are synthetic drugs related to the male sex hormones called androgens and the term anabolic, refers to the growth of skeletal muscle. Basically AAS can be like a synthetic form…

degeneration of the skeletal muscles that often control movement. In muscular dystrophy, abnormal genes, also called mutations, interfere with the production of the proteins that are needed to form healthy muscle in the body. There are many kinds of muscular dystrophies and symptoms are more than likely begin during childhood. With different kinds of muscular dystrophy, comes many different symptoms and the disease is different for everyone that has it. Symptoms of muscle dystrophy vary with…