Carcinoma

Introduction Upper gastrointestinal bleeding can be manifested with hematemesis, melena or hematochezia. Acute bleeding due to gastroesophageal varices in cirrhotic patients is associated with higher morbidity, mortality rates as well as development of life-threatening complications. This bleeding significantly increase protein concentration in the bowel which results in increased ammonia production by colonic bacteria and precipitation of development of hepatic encephalopathy [1].…

The primary inflammatory cytokines: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a proinflammatory cytokine which is produced by macrophages, T cells, B cells, natural killer cells, fibroblasts, neutrophils, keratinocytes and tumor cells [13]. It is produced during early inflammatory response. It mediates the production of other cytokines, chemokines and adhesion molecules [14]. It also increases vascular permeability, which leads to migration of activated immune cells to the site of infection [15,16]. TNF…

Once a caregiver, now a victim of the silent monster trying to steal her life. She suffered from stage four squamous cell carcinoma, which metastasized to her brain. Before cancer, she was an independent, strong-willed woman who loved card games and gambling. Every Saturday she played poker with a few of her friends, even though they were never big spenders. After cancer though…

Case reports and small studies demonstrated efficacy with ketamine use in patients non-responsive to treatment with opioids.1-3 The use of ketamine reduced the dose of opioids required and in some cases, enhanced quality of life at the end of care.1-3 A protocol for ketamine use in palliative care is available, however it was last revised in 2002.4 A lack of published evidence exists on large, randomized, controlled trials due to the patient population that requires IV ketamine for palliative…

Tiana Lasorsa Mrs. Martin Medical Terminology Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) The Human Papilloma virus or HPV is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections world wide. The United States is the highest ranking in people affected. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 9 out of 10 people will contract some form of HPV in their lives . In fact there…

There are thee forms of skin cancer that are the most diagnosed: • Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) • Squamous cell carcinoma • Melanoma BCC and SCC, the two non-melanomas, account for roughly 3.5 million worldwide skin cancer diagnoses each year. Luckily, these two forms of cancer seldom metastasize and effective treatments have increased over the years…

What is Cancer? Cancer is formed when malignant tumors are formed inside one’s body. Malignant tumors are defined as “ a term for diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and can invade nearby tissues.” Quoted from https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/malignancy Tumors are also defined as a mass of tissues which also called lumps. These tumors are formed when the normal process of cells dividing itself was disrupted because normally, our body signals…

uterus to the vagina (birth canal). The normal cervical cells acquire the genetic change that causes them to abnormal cells. Then, they begin to grow out of control and become cancerous cells. The two main types of cervical cancer are squamous cell carcinomas, which develops from cells in the exocervix and adenocarcinomas, which develops from gland cells. It is mostly caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. According to The American Cancer Society, in the United States, there are…

division and multiplication (“Advances”). Cancer actually refers to many different forms of disorders (“Advances”). The most common form of cancer originates in epithelia tissues and organs, such as the breast, lungs, or stomach and is known as a carcinoma (“Advances”).They’re many types of cancer, but the most common one everyone is aware of is Breast Cancer (“Breast Cancer World”). Some women are diagnosed with Breast Cancer, because the female’s ancestors might have had Breast Cancer and was…

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