Carcinoma

PCR History The invaluable molecular technique known as PCR, or the polymerase chain reaction, was discovered by a biochemist named Kary Mullis. Mullis was doing research in the early 1980s at a biotechnology company in California when he initially thought of the idea regarding PCR. PCR was developed by a combination of several techniques already in existence; the synthesis of oligonucleotides and their utilization to synthesize new copies of DNA that were specific using DNA polymerases. Mullis…

ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of the study is to compare and evaluation of the diagnostic efficiency of Toluidine Blue, Lugol’s iodine and Acetic acid in the detection of potentially malignant disorders (PMD’S). Materials and methods: The study population consisted of 30 patients with clinically suspicious PMD’S. The lesions were stained consecutively with toluidine blue, lugol’s iodine & acetic acid depending on the retention of the dyes, the biopsy site was determined and sent for…

Introduction When analyzing biological processes and development, Drosophila melanogaster is an ideal organism to utilize. Compared to other organisms, the functions of D. melanogaster are easier to manipulate due to its quick sedation time from carbon dioxide. These flies can be sedated in less than ten seconds with a carbon dioxide flow rate of 5L/min. D. melanogaster also produces offspring in a short amount of time (roughly 10 days at 25 degrees Celsius), which makes it a desirable species…

In today’s world cancer is everywhere. Cancer comes in many types and forms, that all seem to have many different origins. In this paper I will be focusing on a single type of cancer, known as skin cancer. This cancer isn’t as well discussed as many other forms of cancer from breast cancer to even prostate cancer in men, but it is a growing concern. As more and more people travel to warmer areas, use tanning beds, and even lack of knowledge of how this form of cancer is acquired we are taking a…

Besides, the cancerous cells affect the endocrine system and thus inhibiting the body’s ability to regulate glucose. Pancreatic cancer exists in various types which may include: ductal adenocarcinoma, acinar cell carcinomas, lymphoma, cystic tumors and the neuroendocrine tumors. This cancer is a form of malignant tumor that spreads to other tissues and organs in the body and thus different from the benignant tumors (Consumer and Patient Health Information Section CAPHIS…

Xeroderma Pigmentosum (XP) is an inherited recessive disease, this means two recessive alleles are present in an individual from their parents. This disease impairs the ability of the body to repair DNA which is damaged mainly by Ultraviolent light as well as various chemical Carcinogens. ” The most common forms of DNA damage occurs via the cross linking of adjacent pyrimidines resulting in the formation of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs)” (1) for example UV light will often make two T 's…

INVIVO AND INVITRO STUDIES ON CHEMOPROTECTIVE EFFICACY OF RESVERATROL IN BREAST CANCER 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 BREAST CANCER: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and it is one of the leading causes of cancer death in women worldwide. Diet and Nutrition play a key role in carcinogenesis process, as reflected in the global differences in breast cancer incidence worldwide. High fat content, meat and low fiber diets were associated with high breast cancer incidence rates whereas…

Lying within the core of the human brain is a small gland known as the pineal gland which is the principal conductor and regulator of the endocrine system. Furthermore, another essential process that the pineal gland undergoes is the secretion of melatonin, an autacoid hormone that controls the body’s circadian rhythm. Aside from controlling the body’s natural circadian rhythm, melatonin is used to cure many different conditions including radiation exposure, Alzheimer’s disease, and tinnitus.…

Kathleen Evans is a mother of five she is married to Barry and they are a grandmother and grandfather of twenty including two great grandchildren. Kathleen comes from a small town Windale in Lake Macquarie. In the 1990’s she was diagnosed with a carcinoma in her right lung. When her x-rays and scans had been taken her GP sent her to a heart, lung surgeon. He put Kathleen in a hospital for a biopsy. The surgeon had explained that he was hoping to remove her right lung and as her youngest child…

are modified. This happens as the meat genetically changes when it is cooked a certain way (pan-frying or barbequing), especially at high temperatures. When that particular meat is consumed, the consumers have a higher chance of getting renal cell carcinoma (which leads to kidney cancer) as the mutated genes in the meat can produce harmful compounds for humans to intake. On the topic of safety, genetic mutation in pigs can introduce new allergens, which can be concerning. In Canada, genetic…