Carcinoma

It represents approximately one third of the total uterus size, or approximately 2-5 cm long. Approximately half of it lies above the vagina and half extends into the vagina. The cavity is termed the cervical canal. It is a spindle-shaped and communicates with the cavity of the body through the internal os, and with that of the vagina, through the external os. The endocervix is the mucous membrane lining the cervix. The cells of the cervical lining secrete mucus to provide a lubricated surface…

economically disadvantaged, about behaviors that enhance sexual risk reduction has a proven benefit in reducing the incidence of STDs. Reducing the incidence of STDs potentially could decrease HPV transmission and, consequently, the incidence of cervical carcinoma. Inform patients that genital HPV is an STD and that the only way to prevent HPV infection…

Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Canadian women, with the majority of these deaths resulting from metastasis of cancer to other tissues. In 2015, an estimated 25,000 Canadian women will be diagnosed with breast cancer and 5,000 will suffer from cancer-related deaths. When breast cancer is isolated to the breast tissue, cure rates surpass 90%; nonetheless, as cancer cells settle into the adjacent or distant tissues, long-term survival is markedly declined. The…

the uterus (the organ where a fetus grows). The cervix leads from the uterus to the vagina (birth canal). According to the National Cancer Institute (2016), there are many types of cervical cancer. For example, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Squamous cell carcinoma begins in the thin, flat cells that line the cervix. Adenocarcinoma begins in cervical cells that make mucus and other fluids. According to (NIC, 2016), Long-lasting infections with certain types of human papillomavirus…

Patient Advocate Foundation The local resource I choose for cancer patients seeking assistance is the Patient Advocate Foundation. They are located at 421 Butler Farm Road, Hampton, VA 23666. Their mission statement is “to safeguard patients through effective mediation assuring access to care, maintenance of employment and preservation of their financial stability.” Patient Advocate Foundation is a non- profit organization that provides grants for patients that are in need of assistance towards…

by anomalous metabolic processes contagions and malignancies result in metastasis in the skeletal tissue. The most frequent organ affected by metastases besides lung and liver is bone. Most of of these metastases are caused by breast or prostate carcinoma. Majority of patients with metastatic conditions develop bone metastases that further leads to a pronounced morbidity and mortality as a result of skeletal-related events (SREs) which generally include hypercalcemia due to malignancy,…

was recorded that there was no treatment for the cancer, only palliative treatment. 1.2.1: Origin of the word cancer: 7 The origin of the word cancer is credited to the Greek physician Hippocrates (460-370 BC), He coined the terms carcinos and carcinoma to describe non-ulcer forming and ulcer-forming tumors. In Greek, these words refer to a crab, i.e. finger-like spreading projections from a cancer called to mind the shape of a crab. The Roman physician, Celsus (28-50 BC), later translated the…

PASSIVE SMOKING AND LUNG CANCER Lung cancer is a type of cancer that develops from epithelial cells. It begins with an uncontrollable growth of abnormal cells in the tissue that line the inner or outer surface of the lung tissues. The abnormal cells start to divide rapidly to form a lump which is known as a tumor. As tumors become more numerous and larger, they weaken the ability of the lungs to provide oxygen to the bloodstreams. A tumor can either be benign or malignant, benign tumor remains…

commonly ductal and lobular carcinoma ? Diagnosis requires a tissue biopsy for microscopic examination to determine pathology CLASSIFICATION ? The TNM classification is used for clinical staging of breast tumors. The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 7th edition stages breast cancer as follows:?26 ? TX: primary tumor cannot be assessed ? T0: no evidence of primary tumor ? Tis: cancer in situ ? Tis (DCIS): ductal carcinoma in situ ? Tis (LCIS): lobular carcinoma in situ ? Tis (Paget):…

Diffuse Optical Tomography is non invasive, non ionizing functional imaging modality used for detection of brain tumor and breast cancer. A forward model design depicts the placement of laser source and photo-detector around the tissue boundary. The light propagation on the phantom takes place in Near-Infra-Red wavelength. The incident light on the tissue boundary was absorbed and scattered. The scattered rays are detected by the photo-detector and scattered voltage of the tissue was measured.…