the other three liquids. It was expected that whichever combination of liquid and black solid formed a blue solution would be H2SO4 and CuO hence, CuSO4 in solution. On identification of sulphuric acid, the following tests were performed expecting the evolution of carbon dioxide on reaction of the acid with carbonates. Therefore, among the soluble solids, (10) exhibited effervescence and was suspected to be sodium carbonate due to its solubility. The powders and crystals were divided…
of gum arabic. The dancing bear candy was larger than the modern gummy bear. Modern gummy bears come in five colors. They are red, clear, orange, green, and yellow. Modern gummy bears contain sugar, glucose syrup, starch, food coloring, citric acid, and gelatin. • Solutions are mixtures that are mixed evenly throughout and can not be separated. The solute is the material that gets mixed into the solvent. The solvent dissolves the solute. I created solutions by adding one tablespoon of…
The effects of caffeine on Daphnia magna Lee Phan Lab Section: P0501 1000587723 1. Materials and Methods: Preparation: Clean 3-well specimen chambers were kept in ice and a cooling chamber was then prepared to be put under the microscope, by filling it with ice and a small volume of water. This was done to ensure the temperature would remain around 15 degrees Celcius, which could keep Daphnia magna efficiently cool. Furthermore, the different concentrations were prepared in separately…
The Relationship Between Reactants and Products Objective: The objective of this experiment is to get a better understanding of limiting reactants and chemical reactions as whole. It also helped us determine how the amounts of sodium carbonate and calcium chloride affect the chemical reaction made: calcium carbonate. Introduction: This lab was to show the relationship between reactants and products. In this case, we used calcium chloride and sodium carbonate. This made a chemical reaction…
The purpose of this lab was to perform reduction of ketones by reducing 4-t-butylcyclohexanone with sodium borohydride (NaBH4) to form 4-t-butylcyclohexanol. At the end of this experiment, the infrared spectroscopy was obtain for the final product, 4-t-butylcyclohexanol. The IR graph showed the presence of the desired product, and it also showed if the reaction went to completion or not. In addition, the mass of the final product was obtained to determine the percent yield. To a 5mL conical…
experiment tested why mixing reactants in different mole ratios affected the amount of the product and the amount of each reactant that is left over. To solve the problem, the lab contained reacting sodium bicarbonate(baking soda) and acetic acid(vinegar) in different ratios and seeing if the product changed. The data suggests that the higher ratio of baking soda to vinegar creates the most product. For the ratio 3:1, the final grams of sodium acetate(product) was 0.09, the product…
The objective of this experiment was to oxidize 9-fluorenol with bleach to form 9-fluorenone. This was done with three different reactions, each under different conditions. The reactions were evaluated using the TLC plate to see how far each reaction progressed. During the experiment reaction test tube 2 had the darkest yellow color out of the three reactions. On the TLC plate the starting material had one dot, with an Rf value of 0.22. Reaction 1 had two dots, with Rf values of 0.29 and…
DISCUSSION 2-Bromoheptane + Potassium TertButoxide The 2-Bromoheptane + Potassium TertButoxide reaction yielded 3 different products: 1-heptene, Cis-2-heptene and Trans-2-heptene. However, the major product constituent was 1-heptene. Because Potassium TertButoxide is a bulky base, steric hindrance prevents it from attacking a hydrogen on a highly substituted carbon. Consequently, the base attacks a hydrogen on the least substituted carbon (primary carbon). In this case, steric hindrance is…
Thiosulfate and Hydrochloric Acid includes the “Yellow Snowstorm” reaction – a reaction between Copper (II) and Thiosulfate. Copper (II) sulfate [CuSO4·5H2O] dissolves to give cupric ion (Cu2+); in the context of a redox reaction with thiosulfate, the cupric ion acts as an oxidizing agent. Reactions within the temperature on Sodium Thiosulfate and Hydrochloric Acid occur as the result of molecules interacting with each other to create new substances. When Hydrochloric Acid is in an aqueous…
year (10 Thirst Quenching facts). However, it made me wonder, what ingredients were in Gatorade, and how healthy they are. Surprisingly, there are many ingredients that go into the drink. Ingredients that I did know were water, sugar, salt, and citric acid. There were also several mystery ingredients that I did not know, such as Dextrose, Sodium Citrate, Monopotassium Phosphate, and Gum Arabic. This led me to research, what were these ingredients are all about. The first Ingredient that was a…