Carboxylic acid

place in order to convert a carboxylic acid into an ester. As a result of this reaction, the alcohol (-OH) of the original carboxylic acid, Benzoic Acid, will be replaced with the –OCH3 group attached to the original alcohol, methanol. This would then generate the ester, Methyl Benzoate. An ester is a derivative of a carboxylic acid that can be formed in multiple ways. The most straightforward approach to producing and ester involves the interaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol,…

an oxygen (Clark, 2004). The single bond oxygen is bonded to another carbon. Esters can be produced through various synthetic routes. Since, esters are produced from mixing carboxylic acids and alcohols, they can synthesized artificially in labs. One possible way to synthesized esters is to react an alcohol and a carboxylic acid. The purpose of this lab was to observe the synthesis of esters and identify the odor of each ester synthesized. The procedure to…

naturally in flowers, fruits, and spices. Similarly, carboxylic esters are typically used in the formulation of artificial flavorings, as they have characteristic smells and tastes. Isopentyl acetate is a carboxylic ester associated with a banana scent. Ficher-Speier esterfication is the technique used in order to synthesize isopentyl acetate. This type of esterfication involves the reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst. The esterfication mechanism…

sweet smelling products. The process for making air fresheners uses Fischer Esterification, the same procedure used to create our ester (Banana oil). Creating an artificial ester involves using various molecules containing alcohol groups (OH) and carboxylic acid groups (C=OOH), using different combinations will create different pleasurable scents. The chemical reaction is an equilibrium reaction, meaning that at the reactions termination there are often non-reacted reactants remaining in the…

Background This experiment was performed to determine the identity of an unknown organic liquid using physical constants: physical state, color, and odor, the solubility classification: water soluble or insoluble, the results of characterization tests: Lucas test, 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine test, Bromine in Methylene Chloride test, and Ferric hydroxamate test, and analyses of spectral data: IR spectrum and HNMR . All testing samples were added to testing tubes for observation. Data was…

Experiment 11: Peptides and Amino Acids The purpose of this experiment was to study the amino acid composition of artificial sweeteners and then observe simple acid and base catalyzed reactions of the amino acid and artificial sweetener aspartame. This was achieved by performing a TLC analysis using ninhydrin as an indicator to observe the composition of the amino acid as well as two of the components that make up aspartame. This is followed by the addition of an acid or base to aliquots of diet…

Introduction: According to Drugs.com, “Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It works by reducing hormones that cause inflammation and pain in the body.” This includes conditions such as headaches, painful menstrual periods, toothaches, back pain, dental pain, migraines, arthritis and any minor injuries. Ibuprofen is also used to treat and reduce fever as well and is typically administered to individuals, both adults and children ages 6 months and older. Ibuprofen has been…

retrosynthetic analysis to determine the unknown alcohols used to produce the esters. Acetaminophen, a popular active ingredient in many over-the-counter drugs, is used as a pain reliever and a fever reducer. It is synthesized from the reaction between a carboxylic acid and an amine; thus, acetaminophen contains hydroxyl and amide functional groups.1 C6H7NO + C4H6O3 C8H9NO2 + C2H4O2 This reaction is commonly known as a condensation reaction. A condensation reaction is a chemical reaction where…

effective concentration needs to be ~10 '3 M for a drug with a molecular weight of -50 kDa, it becomes impractical. In regard to the candidate conjugated polymers, both natural and synthetic materials are used, e.g. polysaccharides, gelatin, amino acids, polyethyleneglycol (PEG), and numerous polyacrylates (Rock, and DeMichele, 2003). These…

Introduction Amino acids are important molecules that serve as building blocks for all proteins that are made in every organism. Although there are millions of different proteins that can be made by all living things combined, all proteins are derived from a base of 20 amino acids that are combined together in different ways to create the diversity of life that is on Earth. Humans cannot produce all of the amino acids needed for protein synthesis, so these essential amino acids must be consumed…