Carbonyl

1-[Cyano(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]cycloalkanol (VF-I) synthesized through the reaction of p-methoxyphenylacetonitrile and cyclohexanone using aq. NaOH and tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate as PTC. NaBH4 and CoCl2 in 2:1 THF: H2O used for the reduction of VF-I to obtain 1-(2-amino-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl)cyclohexanol (VF-II). Further, venlafaxine derivative of the amino acid -carboxamide (VFCA-I toVII ) synthesized through coupling of N-Phthaloyl amino acid chloride derivative (2a-2g-…

Alkanes 9 2835.21 0.3020 Weak C-H stretch Aldehydes and acids 10 2523.35 0.0333 Medium O-H stretch Carboxylic acid 11 2224.61 0.00024 Weak C≡C stretch Alkynes 12 2042.99 0.0063 Unknown 13 1784.40 0.0085 Unknown 14 1667.22 0.0422 Strong C=O stretch Carbonyl and amides 15 1478.91 0.0486 Medium C-C stretch Aromatic 16 1449.50 0.0679 Medium C-C stretch Aromatic 17 1197.92 0.0166 Strong C-O stretch Alkynes and esters 18 1103.98 0.0389 Strong C-O stretch Alcohols, amines and esters 19 1028.00…

There were many tests performed on my unknown, which led me to conclude that the unknown microorganism is Pseudomonas fluorescens. When determining the gram reaction of the unknown, a Gram stain was done. This process differentiates between a Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganism. This is done in four steps. The microorganism was stained with iodine, crystal violet, alcohol and acetone, and safranin. Iodine was used first as it acts as a mordant. It forms an insoluble complex by binding…

common food group that contains naturally sour foods is fruit. c. Sweet- Usually regarded as the most pleasurable sensation. This sense is produced by presence of sugars. Aldehydes and ketones are often associated with sweetness, these contain a carbonyl group. d. Bitter- Most sensitive of the taste senses. Mostly perceived as unpleasant but some bittering agents can be desirable. e. Umami- This sense is also known as ‘savory’. Highly found in fermented and aged foods. Umami in Japanese…

PROTEIN STRUCTURE Proteins are polymers which is set up by 19 different α-amino acids and one imino acid (Proline) linked by amida bond or peptide bond. A protein usually contain amino acid residues, covalently linked, which spontaneously form a three-dimensional structure, based on the self-recognition of its respective sequence. Covalent bonds (peptide and disulfide), hydrogen bonds, electrostatic interactions, hydrophobic interactions, and weak, nonspecific attractive and repulsive forces are…

ingestion would probably produce chemical burns of the lips, mouth, throat, esophagus, and stomach. No data were located as to whether ingestion leads to systemic toxicity. Sources/Uses Toluene diisocyanate is made by reacting toluene diamine with carbonyl chloride (phosgene). Toluene diisocyanate is commonly used as a chemical intermediate in the production of polyurethane foams, elastomers, and coatings; paints; varnishes; wire enamels; sealants; adhesives; and binders. It is also used as a…

Under oxidative conditions, certain nucleobases (for example, adenine and cytosine) can form N-oxides. Also, the C8 position of guanosine is vulnerable to hydrolytic attack under either strongly acidic or strongly alkaline conditions. The 5,6 double bond of pyrimidine nucleosides also reacts with halogens and halohydrins to give the corresponding addition products (Shabarova and Bogdanov, 1994). Selected examples of the side reactions that occur during oligonucleotide synthesis are given below.…

Lung cancer is one of most common cancer in the United States and worldwide. Furthermore, there are two types of lung cancer: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and Small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The most common type is NSCLC. There are three main subtypes of NSCLC: squamous cells, adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. The number one cause of lung cancer is smoking cigarettes but there are also other factors that cause lung cancer such as exposure to radon gas, asbestos, genetics, and air…

1632 cm-1. For chlorinated nano-silica, the presence of chlorine was reflected by the presence of stretching vibration at 900 cm-1 and after addition of folic acid the presence of new peaks at 1750 cm-1 was reflected the presence of new carbonyl group of carboxylic group. 3.1.3. Scan electron microscope (SEM) The morphology and size of the raw and modified silica were studied by SEM. (Fig. 2) a shows SEM of the nano-silica, it can be concluded that the modified silica is comprised of aggregated…

Practical Report (Determination of blood glucose levels and qualitative carbohydrate tests) Introduction: The term ‘’Carbohydrates’’ is defined as the carbon compounds which contains hydroxyl groups in large quantities (King, 2013). Carbohydrates are those organic compounds that have the empirical formula CnH2nOn, or (CH2O)n (Fromm 1997). Carbohydrates are one of the four types of organic compounds in living cells that are produces during photosynthesis and are the important source of…