Carbonyl

dihydropyran accessible, which occurs as structural pattern in many biologically active natural products.7 Hetero-Diels-Alder reactions of carbonyl compound can be classified into two types of [π2s+ π4s] cycloadditions, the normal and inverse electron demand cycloadditions (Fig. 2) based on the relative frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) energies of diene and…

With the use of the infrared spectroscopy device and the infrared correlation chart, the functional groups within cyclohexane and the unknown compound were identified. Within the infrared spectroscopy graph analysis of cyclohexane, there were two peaks of interest. These two peaks were both identified as alkane (stretch) with a C-H vibration and sp^3 hybridization and intensity of medium/strong. The wavenumber of 2850.66 and appropriately 2940 allowed me to infer that it was alkane and the value…

Diels-Alder (DA) reaction is a very well-known reaction in Organic Chemistry. A Diels- Alder reaction is considered to be a [4+2] concerted cycloaddition, where you have a diene and a dienophile that come together to form a type of cyclohexane. The four pi bonds of the diene and the two pi bonds of the dienophile come together to form new sigma bonds which are more stable than the original pi bonds. The reaction is concerted which means it happens in one step, making this a fast reaction.…

Reason for the exclusive formation of 2-substituted benzimidazole is uncertain but it is very interesting because most of the acid mediate transformation to benzimidazole gave 1,2-disubstituted derivatives. One possible reasons for exclusive formation of 2-substituted chiral benzimidazole or 2-(2-alkoxy phenyl) substituted benzimidazole could be the formation of H-bond between NH and 2 or β -alkoxy oxygen (Figure 3.2) may prevent further reaction with second molecules of aldehyde since excess…

The Diels Alder reaction is the addition of a diene, which is a hydrocarbon chain containing conjugated double bonds, and a dienophile. This reaction is important in synthesizing cyclohexene rings. The purpose of this experiment is to undergo the Diels Alder reaction using the diene, anthracene, and the dienophile, maleic anhydride, to produce a molecule called 9, 10-dihydroanthracene-9, 10-a b-succinic anhydride. To determine if the exact Diels Alder adduct was formed, melting point was used. …

Carbonyl compounds undergo various types of reaction. In these reaction the carbonyl carbon or carbonyl oxygen is prone to attack generally by a nucleophile. Different types of carbonyl compounds undergo different types of reactions and the mechanisms of them are also different. The products or by-products or intermediate products of these reactions are very much useful in laboratory synthesis, industry etc. here we will discuss some very much important reactions which are very important for…

REACTIONS OF ALDEHYDES AND KETONES ABSTRACT The difference between aldehydes and ketones is by having a hydrogen atom attached to the carbonyl group. This makes the aldehydes very easy to oxidize. Ketones do not have that hydrogen atom and are resistant to oxidation. They are only oxidized by powerful oxidizing agents which have the ability to break the carbon-carbon bonds. This report is about the reactions of aldehydes and ketones. This was done to determine how they react when different…

Carbonyl compounds are the compounds the contain C=O group which is called carbonyl group (double bond oxygen to a carbon). There are many types of carbonyl compounds such as aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, amides etc. Aldehydes and ketones are the oxidation products of alcohols. Depending on the alcohol’s structure, the product obtained will be different. Primary alcohols have one carbon and two hydrogen atoms attached will produce aldehyde and then to carboxylic acid in two…

Hello National Institute of Health, As you may know, Thalidomide can be a life-saving drug in certain cases such as Cancer and Leprosy however, this is only done in the case of absolute emergencies due to the very serious side effects it causes such as limb malformation and birth defects. The reason Thalidomide can simultaneously have such positive and negative effects will make more sense once we understand the mechanism for the acid hydrolysis of thalidomide. Initially thalidomide will be…

The equation above is a general equation for producing an ester. This is due to the reaction of heating an alcohol and a carboxylic acid. The carboxylic acid has a carbon atom that is double bonded to an oxygen atom. This makes a carbonyl group. Furthermore, an R' group and an alcohol group are then branched off of the carbonyl group to complete the carboxylic acid. On the other hand, the alcohol group has a hydroxyl group that is bonded to a R group. These R groups are actually alkyl groups…