Carbon finance

Bond Valuation Bond is one of the long term-liability. It is a type of debt or promissory note issued by the borrower that promising to pay its holder a predetermined and fixed amount of interest at fixed interval (6 months, 1 year) and pay the par value at maturity. Bond also is referred to as public debt because they can be traded in the public financial markets. Bonds can be classified in a variety of ways. There are unsecured and secured bonds. The unsecured bonds include debentures,…

Accolade. Protean. Soliloquy. All these words are part of the SAT’s scholarly vocabulary. Respectively they have the simple meanings of praise, something changeable and monologue. Well, for a period of three months I had to convince my brain to instinctively substitute words from the everyday language with the so called academic vocabulary of the SAT exam. I had to go through many terms that I had never heard and learn their correct pronunciation and meaning. It was really challenging. More than…

To understand the issues in this essay, it is important to know what is the Capital Assets Pricing Model (CAPM) and the Arbitrage Pricing Model (APT). According to the publications of Sharpe (1964), Lintner (1965) and Mossin (1966) the CAPM is a basic model of pricing of capital assets, the model offers a set of predictions about an equilibrium of expected return on risky assets. CAPM is one of the basic pillar of financial economy. The CAPM offers a set of predictions concerning about how to…

According to Grama (2012), although Sino-Russian energy partnership is stable, there are 6 limitations that potentially discourage the further development of the partnership as follows: Both China and Russia is not the primary diplomatic target of each other China and Russia consider more in relation with the Western world. This causes strong impact of Sino-Russian energy partnership as both may sacrifice each other in order to main good relationship with the west. Different position of…

impact of VC financing on the growth of SMEs in Kenya, Memba S. F., Gakure W. R. and Karanja K. (2012), established that, VC financing has real and practical impact on growth of SMEs. Their research based on 200 firms that were beneficiaries of VC finance established that upon use of venture capital, the minimum profit increased by at least 94%; the average net assets also increased by a minimum of 36.3% and that after employing there was a remarkable increase in total number of employees by…

Hypothetical CDS. According to theory highlighted above, usage of derivatives theoretically should reduce bid-ask spread in NPL portfolio market. In order to examine this theory, hypothetical CDS was priced using real-world data for both CO date and most recent 2017 date. CDS form is selected following Italian securitization law where CDS was used as the guarantee. However, a single-name derivative is priced (versus basket CDS applied in Italian securitization law). As an underlying asset of…

In these questionable times, with all the changing directions of how cases are submitted, gotten and handled by Insurance Carriers, it can be very overpowering fiscally. The most widely recognized inquiries asked are... Am I gathering the most extreme sum conceivable? How would I know I am gathering however much as could be expected? In what capacity would I be able to build my income? Maybe a Medical Billing Service could answer these inquiries and quiet the apprehension that is connected with…

Question 1 The banks function as an intermediary between depositors and investors. It is depositor’s main aim to safeguard their saving while investors in the other hand need some financial assistance in order to fulfil their economic and financial objectives. Thus, it is a crucial responsible for them to fulfil the commitment towards few important goals to both clientele. Besides maximizing the profit to fulfil their obligation to the shareholder, banks also responsible to ensure soundness of…

BAWAG $1.10 Billion Losses BAWAG is a private limited bank and is an entity in the financial and insurance sector. Established in 1922 in Austria, it has its headquarters in the capital city - Vienna. Some of the services that it offers are investment banking, commercial banking, private banking and asset management. BAWAG offers online banking facility along with online support for customers. Few years ago, BAWAG suffered a huge amount of losses owing to having used unreasonable investment…

The purpose of these ratios is to measure if the company able to meet its financial obligation as they come due Coverage ratios include debt service coverage ratio, Cash Debt Coverage Ratio, and the asset coverage ratio. • Asset Coverage Ratio This ratio looks to the balance sheet assets in comparison to debt. The ratio is a company's total assets minus short-term liabilities divided by its total debt, a ratio of two or above means that the company has sufficient assets to manage its debt. •…