Capillary

breakthroughs in the field of Molecular biology (1). The first efficient method to sequencing DNA was found by F.Sanger in 1977 (2). But the huge desire to sequencing genomes required faster methods and many improvements were made. Fluorescence, capillary electrophoresis and microarrays led to a new way for sequencing genes : the Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). How do Sanger technique and NGS work ? What are their applications? Sanger sequencing The Sanger technique is based on the…

on the TLC plate in comparison to molecules that are polar since the polar molecules stick to the polar stationary phase (gel silica plate). According to Mary (1996) the molecules or substances move or travel up the stationary phase by means of capillary action and the stationary phase is polar because of the -OH groups which are polar and are bound to the silica…

the reaction apparatus • Vacuum filtration – the process of separating a solid from a solvent by pouring the mixture through a filter that is connected to a vacuum • Melting point determination – the process of placing a sample of a substance in a capillary tube and placing it in a melting point…

the TLC plates were visualized using ultraviolet light and iodine staining.The ten micropipets used to spot the TLC plates were made from glass capillary tubes by heating the middle of each tube in a Bunsen burner flame, pulling the ends of the tube away from each other so that the middle was stretched into a thinner tube, and breaking the cooled capillary in the middle to form two micropipets. Two silica-gel TLC plates were spotted with solutions…

subpleural lymphatics were occasionally found to have direct passages to the mediastinal nodes (Riquet et al., 1989), which explains the occurrence of skipped metastasis in around 15% of primary lung cancer cases. The deep plexus consists of lymphatic capillaries which fuse forming lymphatic collecting vessels known as the collectors, which have unidirectional valves. Large lymphatic collectors have 3 distinctive layers: an intima with a lymphatic endothelium and a continuous basal membrane, a…

Oxygen is an essential element is cellular metabolism, and it is readily available in the atmosphere. However, oxygen must be transported from the atmosphere to the cells for it to be used in metabolism. It is transported by blood through the circulatory system. It is the hemoglobin inside the red blood cells that is responsible of binding the oxygen. A hemoglobin consists of four sub units and therefore it can be termed as a tetramer. This tetramer is made of two dimers known as alpha-beta…

According to Chemguide, Chromatography is a physical method that is used to separate a mixture of chemical substances into its components, which then can be closely analyzed. All forms of chromatography share this same principle. Here, a mobile phase travels through a stationary phase, carrying the components of the mixture with it. It is possible that the mobile phase and the stationary phase have similarities or differences that affect the overall interaction between each other and the…

Summary At just thirty seven years old, Dr. Jill Bolte Taylor was at the prime of her life. A Harvard-trained neuroanatomist and a national spokesperson for mental illness, she was a well accomplished individual in the brain community. However, all of that seemed to slip away on the morning of December 10, 1996 when Jill experienced a stroke. Jill had woken up to a sharp pain behind her left eye and felt detached from her normal cognitive functions. Her verbal thoughts (or “brain chatter”)…

nitrogen). The gas must be inert so it will not react with the samples to give a false reading. The stationary phase is the substance that is fixed in place during chromatography to which the sample adsorbs. GC can have two types of columns, capillary or stacked. In capillary columns, the stationary phase is a thin layer of non-volatile liquid or polymer with a high boiling point…

1.A 62-year old male presents to the Emergency Department with the chief complaint to the nurse that “I have shortness of breath that started about an hour ago.” The patient informs the nurse that he has a history of asthma and that during today’s attack, his inhaler but it “didn’t seem to help.” A. What information would be most helpful for the nurse to obtain regarding this patient’s health history and history of present illness? “The nurse would utilize the mnemonic OLD CART to formulate…