Candida albicans

•It can be used in case of azole-resistant Candida or use as a second-line agent for refractory aspergillosis. •Long half-life (polyphasic elimination: alpha phase 1–2 hours + beta phase 9–11 hours + gamma phase 40–50 hours). •Low toxicity: only histamine release (3%), fever (2.9%), nausea and vomiting…

shorter urethra and proximity to perineal area. Sonographically: Depends on type of cystitis. Generally, a thickened, hypoechoic, irregular bladder wall. Cystic structures may appear along bladder wall. Types: Bullous – common, due to infection; Candida Albicans; Catheter induced; Cystic; Emphysematous (e-coli accounts for 85% of all UTIs); Encrusted; Glandularis; Hemorrhagic; Purulent; Radiation induced;…

Gissela Ruiz Histopathology terms Dr. Agapito Reference: E. Gupta, P. Bhalla, N. Khurana, T Singh, “ Histopathology for the diagnosis of infectious diseases” Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology. (2009) 27(2):100-6. Questions: 1. What is Histopathology? Histopathology is the examination of a tissue biopsy to try and find the cause of the infected organism. 2. What is the importance of a Histopathological Examination? The Importance of a Histopathological examination is to try and find a…

Yeast is prominent in the colon where bacteria assists digestion and the manufacturing of some B vitamins. Around 80% of this bacteria, lactobacillus acidophilus, is considered friendly. The remaining 20% is represented by yeast and is known as Candida albicans. Yeast will proliferate in the body and when regulators are disturbed yeast multiplies. Growth is kept under control by friendly lacto bacteria in our gut and a healthy immune system, where imbalance occurs a yeast infection can arise. A…

Antibiotic creams, also known as topical ointments are preparations designed to fight bacteria on the skin. The main difference between antibiotic creams and ointments is the oil to water ratio. For instance, ointments contain an average of 80% oil and 20% water while creams contain a relatively lower oil to water ratio. This is why ointments tend to feel greasier and stickier than creams. We have chosen three antibiotic creams and three antibiotic ointments in order to find out which…

Laboratory Analysis Justyna Sudyka 1. a. Clostridium sporogenes grew throughout all of the thioglycollate broth, but there was more growth towards the bottom. The aerobic TSA + glucose plate did not have any growth, but the anaerobic plate did have growth. Escherichia coli grew throughout all of the thioglycollate broth as well, but the organism was clustered slightly more towards the top. There was growth in both aerobic and anaerobic TSA + glucose plates. Micrococcus luteus only grew at the…

studies showed that the optimized Transfersomes formulation KS19 exhibits sustained drug release over a prolonged period of time. Antifungal activity showed that the developed ketoconazole formulation KS19 was more active against activity of yeast Candida albicans compared to liposome gel (KL21) and plain gel (KG26). This research suggests that ketoconazole loaded transfersomes can be potentially used as a transdermal drug delivery…

Herpes zoster (shingles): a skin condition caused by varicella-zoster virus, the virus causing chickenpox (a childhood illness). Shingles is common among people with previous chickenpox history. The virus may remain inactive in the nerves for a long time and become active again as a consequence of weak immune system (elderly, cancer patients). The virus targets the epidermis and cause painful rashes that appear as clusters of fluid-filled blisters. Although blisters may occur anywhere on the…

Thrush, Infant Thrush (also called oral candidiasis) is a fungal infection that develops in the mouth. It causes white patches to form in the mouth, often on the tongue. This yeast is normally present in small amounts in a person’s mouth. It usually causes no harm. However, in a newborn or infant, the body’s defense system (immune system) has not yet developed the ability to control the growth of this yeast. Because of this, thrush is common during the first few months of life. Thrush is a…

1. Effects on gastrointestinal function and ulcers:- Aloe gel is commercially offered for oral consumption and many claims were made for benefits in various internal inflammatory conditions. Trial done on human patient showed a tonic effect on the intestinal tract with a reduced transit time. Also the bacterial flora appears to show benefit, with a reduction in a presence of yeasts and reduction in pH. Bowel putrefaction was decreased and protein digestion/absorption was improved. An early trial…