Cancer staging

sensitivity, other target specific radiotracers or other imaging modalities, such as MRI should be considered. The most useful role for FDG PET/CT in detection of EMD is as a screening tool for neurologically asymptomatic patients undergoing routine cancer workup and follow-up [43]. Once epidural disease has been identified, MRI, the gold standard for spinal imaging, can further delineate anatomic details for radiation therapy or surgical planning purposes [32-34]. On MRI, epidural lesions are…

Assignment one Mrs. Turner has a family history of breast cancer as well as heart disease. Mr. Turner discovered a small lump in her right breast, giving thought to her family history. She keeps a close eye on the mass and begins to grow concerned after her menstruation has ended. Mrs. Turner showed no standard symptoms like: Discoloration of the breast like red skin, skin texture, and enlarged lymph nodes around the armpit area. Mrs. Turner is in overall good health she does not smoke or drink…

inside – a 3D image of organ CT Scans have been extensively used in case of cancer patients – starting from early detection of the disease, identify the area where the disease has started to grow (primary staging), get to know the staging of the cancer, check which treatment would be the best for the patient, whether the treatment is working, check whether surgery can be done to remove the cancer, and check whether the cancer has recurred There are many more applications of CT Scan such as to…

Ovarian cancer is thought to be the highest cause of death in females; more than 50% of 21,650 women are diagnosed with ovarian cancer and die annually due to this disease [2]. Fiji has a 14.9 % rate of ovarian cancer, age standardised rate per 100, 0000[13]. There is still a great need for more research in different areas in regards to ovarian cancer such as risk factors, screening and treatment methods, awareness and ways to take care of patients with ovarian cancer [2]. Some risk factors…

Critical Commentary 3 Cancer is the second leading cause of death (CDC, 2016), the urge of a better treatment pushed many Researchers to search for a better treatment. A new lung cancer drug has been found, better then chemotherapy and makes patient live longer. In this narrative article, many characters were part of it: The Writer of the article, Researchers, Patients, and the FDA. The setting was going back and forth between characters. There were many reasons for choosing this artifact,…

EVALUATING THE EXPRESSION 15-HYDROXYPROSTAGLANDIN DEHYDROGENASE IN COLON CANCER TREATED WITH ASPIRIN According to the World Cancer Research Fund International (WCRF) men (black men more specifically) in the United States have the highest incidence of colorectal cancer as compared to women. Colon cancer (colorectal cancer) is the development of cancer from the colon or rectum due to the abnormal cell proliferation caused by Prostaglandin E2(PGE2). PGE2 is increased or stimulated by…

DISCUSSION Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer and sixth most common cause of death from cancer worldwide. . Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy has recently become the focus of interest in an effort to prolong survival and reduce recurrence rates in patients with esophageal cancer. The objective of this study is to determine National cancer institute experience about the role of preoperative chemoradiotherapy followed by esophagectomy for esophageal and gastro-esophageal carcinomas and…

Breast Cancers are malignant life threatening tumors that form in the cells of the breast. Cancer is a result of abnormal changes in the genes responsible for healthy and growing cells. When referring to the breast, the cancer usually begins in the lobules cell (milk-producing glands) and over time if untreated, will advance in stages causing the cancer to spread through the body and eventually kill you. Breast cancer can occur in men and women but more commonly occurring in women, accounting…

WHAT IS BREAST CANCER Breast cancer is a disease in which breast cells growth abnormally .Breast cancer is a malignant tumor of breast tissue suspected by clinical finding like breast lump, breast thickening or skin change .Breast cancer is the microscopic structure of living organisms .A biopsy is determined the type of cancer present .Bilateral cancer is diagnosed when separate primary breast cancer present in each breast. There are several stages of breast cancer; Stage 0 is a non –invasive…

Rhabdomyosarcoma, also know as RMS, is a type of sarcoma in which cancer cells form a muscle tissue. There are three main types this disease has, Embryonal, Alveolar, and Anaplastic. There is also stage I, stage II, stage III, and stage IV. There are treatments for RMS but it's all depending on the area, type, and stage of the cancer, survival rates will also fall under that. As far as symptoms, it can be very difficult to find early stages, since RMS mostly diagnosed in children younger than 5…