Cancer staging

Lymphoma of any kind originates in the lymphocyte white blood cells. This type of cancer is the most common in felines, as it counts for 33 percent of all cancers and is responsible for 90 percent of all blood cancers. There are three main types of Lymphoma, including the Mediastinal form, Alimentary form, and the Multicentric form. Mediastinal lymphoma occurs between pleural sacs by the lungs, and cats with this form will experience a cough, open mouthed breathing, loss of appetite, and…

biopsy{the surgeon inserts a special needle into the pleura to take samples of the tumor which is taken to the laboratory to see under the microscope}of the pleura is a must. -Pleural fluid is aspirated and taken to the lab for microsopic examination. Staging of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma -Stage 1:Involvement of ipsilateral pleura and lungs{affecting just one lung either left or right lung} -Stage 2-Involvement of chest wall,mediastinum{structure at the middle of the heart},pericardium or…

what oral cancer is, what some of the biggest contributing factors that lead to this type of cancer, and what the relationship between oral cancer, smokeless tobacco and baseball is. In addition to that, I will highlight how this cancer can be eliminated with the proper treatment, how to educate people on the dangers of smokeless tobacco and provide some examples of famous baseball players and how oral cancer has affected their lives. What is oral cancer exactly? By definition, oral cancer “is…

of loco-regional lymph node spread or any evidence of distal metastases. This would normally suggest a stage 1 lung cancer but the complicating factor here is that the immunohistochemical staining has come back positive for an adenocarcinoma of likely GI origin, with the staining for adenocarcinoma for lung origin being negative. There are rare cases where a primary lung cancer can demonstrate this marker profile and certainly the negative PET scan in other areas of the body is reassuring…

Cervical Cancer occurs when abnormal cells on the cervix grow out of control. The cervix is the lower part of the uterus that opens into the vagina. It is known to be the most common cancerous conditions in women worldwide. Mostly around United States, and other countries around the world are generally screened for cervical cancer. If routinely checked the cancer is not so common, and may be successfully treated if detected early. A pap test is known to be more effective in finding cervical…

t There has been debates on whether or not NASA’s budget should be increased or cut. Personally, I agree with the people who think their budget should be cut down. Currently, $9.928 billion is spent on Nasa annually and for 2015 they sought $17.5 billion. With that money we could be funding more important causes like world hunger and disease research. Therefore, I believe that NASAs budget should not be expanded due to more important issues that can be resolved with the funding. To end world…

associated with male breast cancer in comparison with female breast cancer. It will also observes the follow up treatment recommended for men versus women. Although male breast cancer is rare, just like for female breast cancer, the occurrence has increased in recent years. Since most men do not recognize there is a problem or they are too embarrassed to mention it to their physician, male breast cancer is often found at a much more advanced stage than that of female breast cancer. This…

I will discuss two Non Small lung cancer (NSCLC)cases and the evidences used to decide the patients’ management. Case 1: A 60-year-old man with history of breathlessness and cough. Lung function revealed FEV1 1.60, TLCO (60% predicted) and patient’s performance status was 1. Subsequently, he had staging CT scan/PET scan/EBUS and all the investigations revealed the final diagnosis stage IIIA T3N2(sub carinal lymph nodes metastasis) M0 Non small cell lung cancer squamous (NSCLC). The patient’s…

Lung cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in a person one or both lungs. These abnormal cells do not grow into healthy tissue and do not carry out the functions of normal lung cells (What Is Lung Cancer, 2016). As lung cancer grow, the abnormal cells can form tumors and interfere with the functioning of the lungs, which provides oxygen to the body through the blood, (What Is Lung Cancer, 2016). A study shows that small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer are the two…

Discuss the physical assessment of a patient who presences with the complaint of cervical lymphadenopathy. “Lymphadenopathy is characterized by enlarged lymph nodes. Lymph node enlargement is caused by an increase in size and number of its germinal centers caused by proliferation of lymphocytes and monocytes or invasion by malignant cells. Normally, lymph nodes are not palpable or are barely palpable. Enlarged lymph nodes are characterized by being palpable and often may be tender or painful to…