Caliph

Life as an Ottoman Subject During the Reign of Sultan Abdulhamid II: The Resurrection of a Constitution The power of the Ottoman Sultan knew no bounds, and the consequences of Abdulhamid II’s poor authority were felt by everyone but the Sultan. Anyone who supported the 1876 Ottoman Constitution was not an aid to the Sultan either which can be seen by the fact that he revoked the Constitution’s power early in his reign. All levels of people were affected by the Sultan’s expectations and actions,…

The Dome of the Rock is one of the most sacred buildings for Muslims in Jerusalem and around the world. It’s situated in the heart of the old city, on the site of Solomon’s Temple and the second Temple. In early Islamic Jerusalem, the a number of members in the declined Jewish population of the city were once permitted to pray on Temple Mount (Peters 194). After the construction of the Dome of the Rock, however, the atmosphere of the area changed (Peters 194). Jews who were temporarily allowed…

In life, we face many challenges, good and bad. Depending on how we act upon those challenges, we develop into a mature adult learning from those, or let those challenges take ahold of us, becoming weak. In Abir’s (Ali Eteraz) situation, he learned from these encounters and became the man he did. These challenges can be seen as social, cultural, geographical and/or political “influences”, specifically on Abir’s religious identity, influencing him in and out of the Islamic faith. With these, he…

In Cemil Aydin’s novel, “The Idea Of The Muslim World,” he explains how Muslims were mainly perceived as a racial category to Europe. I find it interesting how he describes how the Muslims were viewed as a dangerous racial category as oppose to the Jewish, who were also viewed as a racial category but instead as an internal enemy. The Jewish were not considered a major threat like the Muslims were, and Europe did not take as many precautions with the Jews as they did with the Muslims. Aydin…

The two sources I have chosen are Fulcher of Chartres’ account of Pope Urban II’s speech at the Council of Clermont in 1095, calling the Christians to crusade, and an extract from Arab politician and chronicler Ibn-al-Qalanisi’s account of the First Crusade, describing the behaviour of the Franks as they seize a town from the Muslims. Fulcher of Chartres was trained as a priest and was appointed as chaplain to Baldwin of Boulogne in 1097 after leaving for crusade in 1096 with the entourage of…

become Muslims1.However, the concept of mawali and the contract were thrown out altogether once the Abbasids came to power and this was the major difference between Abbasids and Umayyads. This also created a surge in the number of soldiers serving the Caliph as non-Arabs joined the army from a multitude of different areas and gave the Abbasid Caliphate a good initial army. The new sense of equality among all Muslims under the Abbasid Empire meant that the soldiers could fight for something far…

ISIS- Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, once called the Islamic State of Iraq and Al-Sham, is a group of men, women, and children whom believe they are trying to change the world to a better place and change the political geography. They have been compared to Al-Qaeda also, but in reality they are much worse and much more destructive than Al-Qaeda ever was. ISIS has taken Al-Qaeda’s beliefs and amplified them to a radicalism. Abu Musab al-Zarqawi is the man responsible for starting Isis. In…

Despite their superficial, similarities prostitution and temporary marriage vary greatly in their core beliefs, a fact Shahla Haeri conveys quite well in her book Law of Desire: Temporary Marriage in Shi’i Iran. Haeri analyzes mut’a, or temporary marriage, in an attempt to understand and clear up any misconceptions surrounding this highly tabooed issue. Through her analysis, she reveals some interesting aspects of Iranian society, the country where mut’a marriage is most heavily practiced. She…

Goode 2 THROUGH THE LENSE OF PROTHERO AND SMITH: ISLAM AND SIKHISM Myka Goode Religion 212: World Religion Dr. Rachel Brown December 8, 2017 THROUGH THE LENSE OF PROTHERO AND SMITH: ISLAM AND SIKHISM Essentially the Same and Fundamentally Different This research is meant to be a comparative essay between two religions, Islam and Sikhism. The religions are dissected to showcase that while there may be some differences, specifically the origin of the religion or how…

Two courses of action, it was argued, were required. First, crypto-Judaism could only be overcome by the introduction of an Inquisition; second, Jewish influence over the conversos could only be overcome by their expulsion. These ideas, adumbrated in works such as Alonso de Espina's Fortalitium Fidei, continued to gain ground, and on 27 September 1480 the Catholic Monarchs appointed Inquisitors in Castile who began their work in Seville shortly after (1481). Conversos, often subjected to torture…