Caliph

Baths There were about fifty baths in Baghdad at early time and later its number increases to 10,000, which were also very inferior in their accommodations to those in the other large towns of Mesopotamia. Canal System In the hub of the city only Caliph can ride on the horse back everyone else should walk to reach the…

Abu Bakr the first Rashidun caliph (r. 632–634), a member of the Taym clan and one of the Prophet's closest companions was the first adult male convert to Islam . A merchant and an expert on the genealogies of the Arab tribes, Abu Bakr came to be known as al-Siddiq, the one who trusts, a reference to the fact that he alone believed the Prophet’s story of his night journey to Jerusalem. Recognized even in Mecca as the foremost member of the Muslim community after Muhammad, he is credited with the…

Muhammad was a very important person in the Arabian peninsula. He did many great things, but the two greatest were that he started the religion of Islam and he made an empire. His father died before muhammad was born. When he was five or six years old his mother also died so he was an orphan. He went to go live with his uncle where he learned to be a trader he later worked for Khadijah who he later married. He told his followers that he went into a cave where he met an angel named Gabriel where…

to say that it is not necessary for a caliph to have this quality. As this was never a requirement for this position nor is it a quality required in public interest. He defends this claim by reasoning that if a caliph can lean on the vizier for matters of state craft and the Seljuks for matters of power then he should be able to take the advice of the ulema and act upon it in matters of ilm, relying on the authority of others who are more qualified. If a caliph has all the other qualities except…

During the rule of the caliph Abd-al-Malik in the tumultuous period of the 690’s, Shi’ite rebellions against the caliph were occurring in Iraq, especially in places such as, Kufa and Basra. After winning a battle or two, the rebellious Iraqis seemed to gain even more momentum. It was at this time that the caliph chose Hajjaj ibn Yusuf to become governor of Iraq and put an end to the revolts. History portrays that Hajjaj was a tyrannical, grim and evil man who ordered the execution of more than…

The Arabian Nights allows the reader to get a glimpse of Islamic civilization. One can find a deeper understanding of Islamic society and the values they hold dear. Values such as faith and wisdom are crucial to their civilization. It would not be an exaggeration to state that the Islamic society is based around faith and wisdom. These two values Faith and Wisdom are constantly presented throughout the stories in The Arabian Nights. Analyzing the values in The Arabian Nights can also be seen as…

Abu Bakr's reign was short, and in 634 he was succeeded by Umar as caliph. Umar reigned for ten years before being assassinated and was followed by Uthman ibn Affan in 644. Both of these men had been among Muhammad's earliest followers, were linked to him by clanship and marriage, and had taken prominent parts in various military campaigns. Aisha, in the meantime, lived in Medina and made several pilgrimages to Mecca. In 655, Uthman's house was put under siege by about 1000 rebels. Eventually…

Sharia Law is the the most stringent in the world today. The Quran and Sharia law definitely promote violence and reveals oppression. However, The Quran and Sharia Law can be interpreted differently and given some flexibility by different Imams and caliphs, but the Sharia Law will always be demonstrated…

the Genghis. Hulagu was able to carefully plan out a route to the Saudi Arabian city. But how was he able to gain control of Baghdad? As a military leader, Hulagu Khan was a vicious leader. By any means necessary. Asking for the submission of the Caliph, the Mongolian army converged on the city, just to defeat them in the winter of 1258. After, the surrender of Baghdad on the tenth of February, Hulagu sentenced the Al-Mustasim to death. He was also a great ruler of the II- Khanid dynasty. Hulagu…

history of the Umayyad dynasty and Abbasid dynasty. Throughout the 7-13th centuries, Islamic history, empires have risen and fallen and been replaced by one after another. It started during the period of the prophet Muhammad and the four rightly guided caliphs and…