Bullion coin

The disciplinary approach is necessary in order to studying the Vikings’ form of living based on the type of sources they left to us. Many of these sources are difficult to understand because were written in different languages. Also, some of the evidence come from people that states they had a close relationship with them. In other words, these evidences are not totally reliable, which means is necessary to examine them carefully to get concrete answers. As time passed, thanks to the…

The Pirenne thesis states that sea trade was crucial to the survival of the Roman empire, and the increase of Muslim invasions in the seventh and eighth centuries severed the unity of trade between the Western countries in the Mediterranean. This led to a steady decline of the Roman empire as it was unable to sustain itself through trade. There are differing opinions between modern historians as to the accuracy of the Pirenne thesis, with most historians arguing it is no longer a valid…

David Graeber is an American anthropologist, anarchist and an activist. He is a professor of anthropology at the London School of Economics. To begin with, Graeber uses definitions from the Oxford English Dictionary to define debt. Firstly, debt is defined as a sum of money owed. Secondly, it is the state owing money. Thirdly, it is a feeling of gratitude for a favor or service. Graeber then introduces the book with the following American Proverb: “If you owe the bank a hundred thousand dollars…

Labor day 1971 Richard Nixon made big promises to Americans, he said in his speech “ I call upon all Americans to dedicate ourselves to a goal we have rarely been able to achieve in the past 40 years- a new prosperity without war and without inflation,” (Address to the Nation on Labor day, 1971). Forty six years later and we have strayed further from that path in America. This is because he took us off the gold standard. The gold standard is a system in which money is backed with gold. Taking…

HE accomplished what practically everyone would consider outlandish. In an existence spreading over 69 years, he worked sans preparation India's biggest secretly controlled corporate domain. Dhirajlal Hirachand – also called Dhirubhai – Ambani would regularly say that achievement was his greatest adversary. He was a man who excited outrageous reactions in others. It is possible that you cherished him or you detested him. There was only no chance you could have been not interested in this…

Within about 40 years the Medici Bank was able to procure so much wealth and profit that it was economically equal with the Florentine treasury. Risks were taken to obtain as much profit as possible. Loans were given out to princes, kings, and even the hard working merchant. Everything was done for the money. The Medici Bank and family were the icons of Florence and the model standard when it came to wealth and power, they became the silent rulers of their hometown after the realization that…

The Gold standard was exactly that, a global standard based upon the value of gold. It allowed the economies of the world to have a point of reference with each and every economy that adopted the gold standard. While it once was synonymous with the economic strength of a nation and economy. It eventually crumbled like all things that man creates, its importance should not be undervalued but it was a standard that did not grow with the times and was left behind. The history of gold is an…

societies. Coinage became an enduring and efficient method until war times, money as coinage became a very useful and widespread tool to pay soldiers on far away campaigns, thus eliminating the need for an additional army to feed and supply them thus Bullion arose as an article of war, not as a more effective way to settle…

America has been the land that has always grown and expanded. Expanded with the idea that you can do anything you want, build what you want, and create anything you please. Business boomed in the 1800’s with many men and many ideas that created with each other. Andrew Carnegie invested in the Woodruff Corporation and created the very first railroad sleeping car. In 1860 he ended up making five thousand dollars a year and ended with an annual income of almost fifty thousand dollars a year.…