Buffer solution

with a cotton swab to obtain their sample for DNA extraction. 180 µl of Buffer ATL and 20 µl of proteinase K were added to the swabbed sample using sterile micropipetting techniques. The swabbed samples were incubated at 56 ⁰C in a hot block. Next, students isolated their HV1 control region DNA through a series of washes which contained 200µl of Buffer ATL, 200µl of ethanol, 500 µl of Buffer AW1 and AW2, and 50 µl of Buffer AE (Penn State Biology 220W Lab Manual, pgs. 48-49) After completing a…

The water quality of the U-High Creek was identified as excellent, but not all bodies of water have excellent water quality. Humans can pollute water in many ways, and make it unsuitable for organisms living in the water. One way humans can pollute water is when farmers put pesticides and fertilizers on their crops, which contain harmful chemicals like phosphates and Nitrates. When it rains, the pesticides get washed away through the soil and end up in rivers, streams, and creeks, therefore…

Introduction The society and its basic concepts of relationships, rules of behavior and human perception in many ways is the yardstick of certain standards known to the majority. Thus, it is implied that the society has specific divisions according to certain characteristics and forms of groups. Despite the fact that the country calls itself a free country in all senses of this word, the society is not free from prejudices and negative attitudes to people not with white skin. Furthermore, these…

1. What is the species name of the model/study organism? If the study is looking at human disease choose the disease causing organism. If the study is on some aspect of human physiology or anatomy, the model organism is a human. The study followed one White family and one Italian family to see how the mutation of a Manganese Transporter, SLC30A10, causes a variety of diseases such as Parkinson’s and Chronic Liver Disease. The model organism of the study is the Homo sapien. 2. Intellectual merit…

Wound healing is a complex dynamic process which replacing damaged cells with cells of same origin or with connective tissue scar. Wound healing has four time dependent phases; hemostatic, inflammatory, proliferative, and remolding phase. In each phase, specific resident cells release growth factors and cytokines to move the healing process from one phase to the other till complete healing occurs. Chronic wound stack in or delayed in one of the healing phases commonly inflammatory phase.…

were low; hence 25-30 µL of each protein samples was added to each lane. Figure 2. The standard ladder for analyzing the SDS- page and SDS-PAGE acrylamide gel after staining with buffer containing bromophenol Blue, glycerol, dithiothreitol, and SDS. Lanes 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Filtrate S1 P1 P1 medium salt P1 high salt S2 P2 P2 medium salt P2 high salt Loading Dye Table 3: showing what was inserted in each lane in the gel.…

breaks down peroxide, a byproduct of cellular respiration. The reaction occurs as follows: Peroxidase + Hydrogen peroxide → Complex → Peroxidase + Water + Oxygen(g) Because the peroxidase is an enzyme, is it not consumed by the reaction. Using pH buffers, the pH was kept in a certain range, be it close to pH 3, pH 5, etc. pH effects that shape and other properties of the enzyme, which in turn affect the reaction. The amount of product produced by reactions can compared by analyzing the amount…

volume of solution. A titrant; that is a solution of known concentration is added slowly in the presence of an indicator until the solution neutralizes. Neutralization is said to occur when the indicator undergoes a color change. ("Titration", 2013) According to S. Nielson the Karl Fischer titration is compatible for foods…

Is it important to maintain the colonies of prairie dogs in Colorado? What exactly makes prairie dogs so important? Who supports them and fights for them, and what is killing them? Prairie dogs, like many other livings on Earth, are valuable to our ecosystem. They are responsible for keeping the cycle of life going and helping to maintain a healthy structure in the wild, both as predator and prey. There are wildlife activists who support prairie dogs and who support non-lethal methods of…

DNA extraction solution. The test tube was then vortexed for 10 seconds, incubated for 1 minute at 65℃, vortexed for 15 seconds, incubated for 2 minutes in a heat block at 98℃, and vortexed for another 15 seconds before placing the test tube on ice (Leicht and McAllister,…