Buffer solution

NIMOTOP INJECTION Nimodipine 0.02% solution contains the following excipients: Ethanol 96%, Macrogol 400, sodium citrate, citric acid, Water for Injections Ph. Eur. These excipients consist of properties that aim towards the proper functionality of Nimotop. They consist of inherent stabilities that cause little or no effect in the stability of the drug and they do not have any acute or chronic toxicity. The excipients are also added into the Nimodipine 0.02% solution to enhance the biological…

3.0 Results and Discussion Figure 1 shows the infrared spectrum for both crosslinked and non-crosslinked films. Both carrageenan and vanillin contain similar functional groups such as CH4, C=O, C-O-C, C-OH. There is no significant difference in the spectrum that can be detected for crosslinked and non-crosslinked film samples. The spectrum can be divided into upper and lower spectrum. In the upper spectrum for the region of 2000 – 3600 cm-1, O-H stretching (3100 – 3600 cm-1) and C-H stretching…

the concentration of undesired solutes is kept low on this side if the membrane. This dialysis solution has levels of minerals like potassium and calcium that are similar to their natural concentration in healthy blood. For another solute, bicarbonate, dialysis solution level is set at a slightly higher level than in normal blood, to encourage diffusion of bicarbonate into the blood, to act as a pH buffer to neutralize the metabolic acidosis that is often present in these patients. The levels…

using the same procedure mentioned above. The experiments were carried out at three types of organic solvents for lipophilic fractions (ethyl acetate, hexane, 50% acetone in water) and four types of solvent for hydrophilic fractions (0.1M phosphate buffer pH7.4, acetone: water: acetic acid (70:29.5:0.5), 50% methanol in water, 7% acetic acid in 80% methanol). The amount between solid (sample) and liquid (organic solvents) was carried out at the ratios of 1:10, 1:15, 1:20 and 1:25 g:mL. The…

Article Assignment 2 For the second article, I chose “How Has the 4% Rule Held up Since the Tech Bubble and the 2008 Financial Crisis” by Michael Kitches. The 4% rule is a withdrawal strategy in retirement where you withdrawal 4% of your portfolio a year. The underlying assumption of the rule is that on average your portfolio returns will be greater than 4%. The 4% withdrawal rate was chosen as a conservative rate at which a retiree in any year would not run out of money. According to…

This was done by the detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), which was present in the re-suspension buffer added and created protein-lipid-detergent complexes. Proteinase K is added to digest proteins and any nucleases that might damage the DNA (Peant and LaPointe, 2004). RNase is added to avoid impurities from RNA. The addition of the chaotropic salt guanidinium chloride present in the lysis buffer helps the DNA adhere to the silica surface of the DNeasy Mini spin column by forming a cationic…

To start the procedure, one must first place a chunk of Solanum tuberosum into a mortar. Next they must add a small amount of sand, approximately one-half of a teaspoon or less, and approximately 1-mL of pH 7 buffer on top of the plant material in the mortar. The student must then grind the material until a watery paste has formed. Fill a microcentrifuge tube with the watery potato paste, place in a balanced microcentrifuge, and spin at approximately 10,000 RPM…

the DNA was facilitated by the lysis solution. The tube was then incubated in a heat block for 10 mins at 65 degrees centigrade and then placed in a micro-centrifuge for ten minutes. After Centrifugation, the supernatant was collected and transferred into a new tube. Then 3 microliters of silica resin was added to the supernatant to bind present nucleic acids. The tube was then incubated for 5 minutes in a heat block at 57 degrees centigrade. Then Wash Buffer was added to remove contaminants.…

Introduction: Bacteria create an enormous domain of prokaryote microorganisms that are diverse and abundant in most habitats on Earth. In fact, bacterial cells drastically outnumber somatic cells just on the external part of the human body compared to somatic cells within the whole body of a single individual. Bacteria are found just about anywhere on earth and are usually alongside other microorganisms including: mold spores or yeast cells, creating some difficulty when trying to distinguish…

Levofloxacin cocrystals were prepared by solvent evaporation method. The drug and co formers, stearic acid and sodium saccharin were physically mixed in varying ratios of 1:1, 1:3, 1:5, 1:7 and 1:1 and 2:1 respectively in a glass mortar and the mixtures were dissolved in ethanol as solvent for crystallization. The solvent evaporation was carried in rotary flash evaporator (Laborota 4000, Hiedolph) maintained at 40 ± 2ºC and speed of 30 rpm. The products obtained were dried in a desiccator and…