Buffer solution

have a large surface area. Column material with a small pore size 5000 Resolution of Active and Sodium Benzoate should be ≥8.0 Accuracy Standard accuracy should be between 98-102% Standard drift should be < 25 0C. 2 ml of Sodium Benzoate stock solution was added to each standard then made to the mark with deionised water. The standards were then filtered into sample vials using a 0.45um. Reconstitution of Samples Weight of the powder was obtained first. The weight of powder + bottle…

below 7.35 • Alkalosis: the condition of having too much alkaline build up in body fluids, above 7.45 • Anion: a negatively charge particle or ion • Base: any substance that has a pH greater than 7.0 • Bicarbonate (HCO3): a weak base used as a buffer • Buffer: a chemical substance used to either reduce acidity or reduce alkalinity • Cation: a positively charged particle or ion • pH: a scale to determine acidity or alkalinity , scale from 1 to 14…

reddish-brown precipitate formation. Vinblastine and methanol was used as positive and negative control respectively 4.4.2 Hager’s Test (Kodangala et al., 2010) Briefly, to the 100μl of ethyl acetate fraction, 4-5 drops of Hager’s reagent (saturated solution of picric acid) was added and observed for the presence of yellow precipitate formation. Vinblastine and methanol was used as positive and negative control respectively. 4.5 Thin Layer chromatography…

unknown solution. This can be determined because acid-base indicators are weak bases or acids, and when neutralized they change colors. The color change is measured by the light absorption spectra in the compound which can be used to calculate the concentration. This experiment measures the concentrations by the different pH values which allows the pKa and Ka to be determined. Through the experiment, and the recorded color change with the use of the Spec 20 the unknown Ka of the solution was…

Lab #5 Assignment: Protein Analysis by SDS-PAGE Introduction: Different cells and tissues express different proteins because of gene expression. Gene basically reflects what the protein will be and also its function. The expression must be controlled by some kind of regulation in the processes of transcription and translation. For example, in transcription, enhancer sequences provide binding sites for regulatory proteins that will affect RNA polymerase activity. On a related note, the size of…

Restriction Mapping of Plasmid DNA Preparing 5 Eppendorf Tubes All tubes contain 1 μL of the plasmid DNA, and 2 μL of 10X buffer #2. Tube 1 is the control so there is no enzyme added only 17 μL DI water. For tube 2 the DNA is mixed with 0.5 μL of BamHI and 16.5 μL of DI water, to see total number of base pairs from the linear DNA. In tube 3 DNA is digested with 2 restriction enzymes, which can give the relative distance between the two enzymes. To be more specific, 0.5 μL of Bam HI and EcoRI…

prepared DNA solution was added the tube and placed in the thermocycler. A program optimised to amplify CHD1W and CHD1Z gene variants with the 2550F -2718R primer set was run. Final Electrophoresis An agarose gel was prepared and left to set. 10 µl of prepared DNA was pipetted unto a new microfuge tube with 2 µl of 6x loading dye. The solution was pipetted into the prepared gel next to a molecular weight and positive and negative controls. The gel was run with a high voltage buffer at 300V for…

Define an acid and base; describe the pH scale and state the significance of buffers. Acid are molecules tending to…

consisted of 1:1 molar ratio of pET-41a(+) vector to egfp insert with 50 ng NcoI/NotI cut pET-41a(+) DNA, 7 ng egfp insert DNA, sterile dH2O, and 10x ligase buffer, and DNA ligase. Ligation #2 contained a 1:3 molar ratio of pET-41a(+) vector to egfp insert with 50 ng NcoI/NotI cut pET-41a(+) DNA, 21 ng egfp insert DNA, sterile dH2O, and 10x ligase buffer, and DNA ligase. In the case of positive control, Ligation #3 was contained 50 ng uncut pET-41a(+)/EGFP recombinant plasmid DNA and sterile…

premix with buffer, Taq, and dNTPs). Next 0.5µL…