Buddhist philosophy

4) There is a broad range of ethical theories that have differing perspectives on what is considered morally correct and incorrect. To begin, Virtue Ethics is based on virtuous character. Moral standards arise due to virtuous characters and their actions and beliefs. Aristotle is the main philosopher in Virtue Ethics, and he believed that in order to reach Eudaimonia, also known as happiness, it was imperative to develop virtues. Next, Thomas Aquinas is the main philosopher for the Natural Law…

Mauliola Gonsalves Professor Liu Philosophy 201 22 October 2017 Determinism and Freedom: Hard Determinism, Libertarianism and Compatibilism As humans, we are constantly faced with judgement. Most conclusions drawn from judgement are based on our actions. Every decision made by an individual influences their reputation. Some would argue that this is not an accurate representation of an individual because humans are not free to make their own choices; therefore, they should not be held…

In the book Science and Religion, two philosophers Alvin Plantinga and Daniel Dennett, share their opposing viewpoints on whether they believe the two are compatible. Plantinga is a Christian and he believes that the two are in fact, compatible. His arguments are based on rationality from a theistic view and how it is not present in a naturalist view. He says, (page 9) "As I argue in Warranted Christian Belief, if theistic belief is true, then very likely it has both rationality and warrant in…

In Kant’s essay, he argues that the immaturity a person might have is brought upon themselves not because one does not want to understand. He argues that we are afraid to break free from the norm and think for ourselves. He believes that the saying of enlightenment is to “have the courage to use your own understanding.” (Kant 54) Kant defines enlightenment as “enlightenment is a man’s emergence from his self-incurred immaturity” (54) I believe that Kant defines enlightenment this way because…

by not smuggling himself out of prison, although his friends has offered their resources. During his imprisonment, Socrates was thinking about justice, and hoping that justice will be carried out. As a result, Socrates is known as a martyr for philosophy and he is talked about even in the twenty-first century; people still learn and respect his works and ideas in…

Summer Reading Assignment: Thank You for Arguing The introduction of Thank You for Arguing covers a brief history of rhetoric, introducing its beginnings in ancient Greece and its impact on Roman orators. Jay Heinrichs details the effect of rhetoric on America’s founders, the principles used in the making of the Bible and the Constitution, and how it inspired Shakespeare and Cicero, as well as how rhetoric has faded since the 1800s. Heinrichs declares his purpose for writing Thank You for…

I’m not one to lie; that’s not who I am. I’m not going to say that I am the best person that has ever existed. Why? Because it would be a lie. I do, however, have some characteristics of myself that are positive. Clearly, the first is being truthful. The last four months of my life have been extremely testing and have made me hate myself as a person. Mostly due to what other people have said about me. Most of their allegations were correct. My sophomore year I lost who I was. I became, I don’t…

However, if it is unclear why fallacies could be considered ethical problems, let us define ethics, and explain how fallacies are ethical problems. Kant defined good as that which is beneficial to the self, that is, an individual; and good as that which is harmful to oneself. Whereas right is that which is helpful to others, and wrong is that which is harmful to others. Morality is a question of what is good, versus what is bad. Ethicality is a question of what is right, versus what is wrong. Of…

Based on the Consequentialist/Teleological theory, “Good is prior to the right.” “Good” refers to the nonmoral outcome, and “right” refers to the action based on morality. This theory prioritizes the outcomes of the actions. According to Darwall, “Consequentialist moral theories all agree that the moral rightness and wrongness of acts are determined by the non-moral goodness of relevant consequences” (23). If the outcome is good, then the action is morality right. If the outcome is not good,…

Midterm #1 1a. Aquinas’ three conditions for a just war are built on the ideas of Aristotle and Augustine. The three conditions are as follows: 1. The first condition claims that “a just war must be declared by proper authority” (Christopher, 50). Aquinas is stating that the second party is allowed to offer redress the issue at hand, it has had the to offer other alternatives. The idea behind this condition is that it makes war the “last resort” (Christopher, 51). This condition also mentions…