Branched-chain amino acids

Alongside CRISPR-Cas9 in site specific genome editing are ZFNs and TALENs. ZFNs are a DNA-binding motif assembled as ββα that utilizes a roughly thirty amino acid protein with DNA recognizing amino acids at the alpha helix (Gaj, Gersbach, & Barbas, 2013). These groups of amino acids usually recognize DNA in segments of three. This does not present much specificity in a genome. Therefore multiple DNA-binding motifs need to be combined to create specificity and result in highly specific…

1. Given the following amino acids, explain where they would be found in the tertiary structure of a protein and WHY (lack of explanation/incorrect explanations will NOT receive full credit; assume living system of pH = 7.4). Arg Phe Pro Glu His Ala Tyr Val Cys Arginine: This is a charged amino acid that is extremely hydrophilic. It is hydrophilic because while it has an aliphatic side chain that is hydrophobic, it also has two groups where a positive charge resonates between the two…

Experimental Design Aim 1: Determine the amino acid sensing specificity of folliculin. Since folliculin’s novel amino acid sensing function discovery, I plan to further understand whether FLCN specifically senses a certain amino acid and if this level of detection is enough to elicit an mTORC1 response. 1.1. Determine if folliculin’s novel molecular function in amino acid sensing is triggered by glutamine. mTORC1 activation by amino acids requires FLCN where its lysosomal residence during…

beginning of time, genomes have been in existence since the -, “so-called big bang theory”. Genomes are the key to life because they are an organism’s complete set of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). DNA is the source in which processes transcription takes place to form a ribonucleic acid (RNA) and is then translated into an amino acid, which is the essential building block of protein to life. For example, hemoglobin, the cells in our bone marrow, churn out a hundred trillion per second of…

The carbodimide chemistry reaction involves first the activation of the carboxyl group using 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide EDC and then a covalent reaction between free amino group and activated carboxyl group in PEG-EGFR and PF0-HNC respectively [42]. In brief, 10 mg of Methoxy-PEG-COOH and 5 times molar excess of the EDC was dissolved in 5 ml 0.1 M MES buffer (pH 4 ~ 5) under continuous stirring for 2 hours. The unreacted…

Beneficial To Health Overview Proteins are the construction blocks of the body as they are used to build tissues such as muscles and tendons and other essential molecules required by the body such as hormones. They are made up of molecules known as amino acids. From the food we take, our body is able to get these life sustaining molecules. Thus, intake of proteins in our body is very necessary both for our general growth and to as a remedy for some diseases such as kwashiorkor. High protein…

gradually. Egg protein is considered the perfect protein because it’s made up of all the essential amino acids, branch chain amino acids, and glutamic acid. It is also fat-free, has no cholesterol, and is high in vitamins and minerals. The sulfur-containing amino acids present in egg protein gives the body a significant boost to its hormone pathways. Egg protein has a high concentration of the amino acid Leucine, which helps create protein synthesis after a meal. However, whey protein has more.…

What are the 3 main nutrients found in the milk pudding? Explain their role in the human body. 1) Protein Our body is made up of billions of cells. The cells are what forms the tissues and organs in our body. Proteins are what makes up the cells and are complex substances that are essential for the building and functions of the cells within our body. a) Growth Repair and maintaining our body cells. Our body requires protein for it to grow healthily and to repair the used body cells and…

Ubiquitin-conjugating partners of CHIP: In section 3, after " fate of substrates": E2’s are the family of enzymes, having highly conserved ubiquitin conjugating domains. These enzymes, in combination with E3s, play an important role in determining the fate of substrate proteins by selecting a lysine residue on which ubiquitin moiety must be added. In section 3, after Murata, et al. 2003: An in vitro study has shown that CHIP, with the aid of UbcH5 and UbcH6, two other E2s, can efficiently…

5. Protein purification There are many thousand kinds of proteins with different properties and functions in a cell. Proteins have been purified in active form on the basis of such characteristics as solubility, size, charge and specific binding affinity. Normally, protein mixtures are subjected to a series of separations, each based on a different property to yield a pure protein. 5.1 Separation based on solubility (Scopes, 1994) The protein solubility in various solvents depended on the…