Brainstem

Astrocytoma is classified as a type of glioma, which is a tumors forming in glial tissue in the Central Nervous System. Astrocytomas specifically form in cerebrum, the cerebellum, the brainstem, the hypothalamus, the visual pathway, and occasionally the spinal cord. Astrocytoma comes in two forms, benign and malignant, with the malignant being the more serious of the two and spreading to other parts of the brain, while a benign case of…

House with No Steps is one Australia’s leading disability support services. They are dedicated to supporting their clients by giving them the choice, control and freedom to empower their own lives. House with No Steps encourages their clients to meet their potential and provide them with adequate support so that they can reach their goals (House with No Steps, 2015a). House with No Steps provides a range of disability services fluctuating between infants to adults with disabilities. For adults…

neuron system. ALS is known by upper and lower motor neuron degeneration. As the upper motor neurons deteriorate, the cells “suffer from a retrograde axonal loss with secondary myelin pallor and gliosis”. While these changes are more severe at the brainstem and upper spinal cord, they…

Many people may wonder, “How are surgeons able to fix complications in the brain such as tumors and aneurysms?” A craniotomy is a procedure where the bone flap of the skull is temporarily removed to expose the brain and then replaced after surgery. A craniotomy may be performed for many reasons including clipping or reconstructing an aneurysm, extracting blood or blood clots from a leaking vessel, removing abnormal masses of arteries and veins, draining abscess, mending skull fractures,…

motor system go on actively, which makes you think that your dream is a reality(Angier, Natalie. “In The Dreamscape of Nightmares, Clues to Why We Dream at All.” New York Times. 23 Oct. 2007). However, Angier goes on saying, a small part of your brainstem makes most of your body stationary to avert you from physically carrying on your dream. Therefore most cases of sleepingwalking appear in non-REM sleep, when your body is not deactivated (Angier, Natalie. “In The Dreamscape of Nightmares, Clues…

Introduction According to The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th edition—DSM-IV), Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is characterized by a depressed mood for a large portion of the day, and occurs almost every day. There is a noticeably decreased interest or pleasure in more or less all activities (anhedonia). Some of the symptoms vary from person to person. For example, patients may experience a dramatic increase or decrease in weight and appetite may either increase or…

and cell type are primarily affected by the mutation? Is this consistent with the symptoms observed in SCA1 patients? The cell that is primary affected by the mutation are the purkinje cells and the organ is the cerebellum. It also involve the brainstem and spinal cord (Schols et al., 2004; Taroni and DiDonato, 2004). Question 6: From the video describe the phenotype of the SCA1 mouse. The symptoms are grown retardation, lack of balance, gain low range of weight, keep losing weight as they…

It is now believed that genetics and environmental factors play a role. Changes in the brainstem and how it interacts with the trigeminal nerve, a major pain pathway, may cause migraines. Imbalances in brain chemicals such as serotonin, which helps regulate pain in your nervous system, may also be involved. Studies show serotonin levels drop…

Thousands of Americans are in desperate need of organs. Ahmad and Iftikar’s article “An Analysis of Organ Donation Policy in The United States”, states that “On average, 22 patients die each day while waiting for a transplant that cannot take place because there is a shortage of donated organs” (Ahmad and Iftikhar par. 1). Organ donation involves transplanting healthy organs and tissue from a donor to someone that is in need of them. Organ donation systems vary around the world, but the…

Cranial Nerves : This concept taken from the Public Health Nursing Block 5, module 08 entitled as “Assessment of Central Nervous System Examination”. Cranial nerves are the nerves that emerge directly from the brain it directly incudes in the part brainstem. Cranial nerves exchange information between the brain and parts of the body, primarily to and from regions of the head and neck. The cranial nerve emerges from the central nervous system. Each cranial nerves having pairs and present on both…