Brachial artery

Hypertension is a heterogeneous disorder that may result either from a specific cause (secondary hypertension) or from an underlying pathophysiologic mechanism of unknown etiology (primary or essential hypertension). Secondary hypertension accounts for fewer than 10% of cases, and most of these are caused by chronic kidney disease or renovascular disease. Other conditions causing secondary hypertension include pheochromocytoma, Cushing’s syndrome, hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, primary…

Vascular calcification is the hardening of blood vessels that can occur due to multiple reasons including endocrine dysfunctions, diet, and mineral metabolism dysfunctions. In addition, vascular calcification can be linked to certain diseases such as arthrosclerotic ishemia, damaged brain circulation, and decreased coronary perfusion. Intradialytic hypotension is low blood pressure often due to hemodialysis. Some of the risk factors of acquiring intradialytic hypotension includes diabetes, age,…

system should begin to function abnormally, it can throw off the body's entire homeostasis, or steady state. The cardiovascular systems distributes oxygen rich blood from the lungs to all of the body's organs and tissues by its heart pump and many arteries and veins. Cells throughout absorb what oxygen and nutrients are needed and then dispose of any carbon dioxide and waste which then flow back to the heart's right chambers and on to the lungs to be exchanged for more oxygen. As you inhale,…

lead to Pulmonary Hypertension (PHTN), PHTN is a type of blood pressure that affects the arteries in your lungs and the right side of your heart. When lower extremities are horizontal for long lengths of time, the flow of the venous blood slows and blood can pool in the legs, causing blood clots. The blood clots come from deep veins in your legs, occurs most often when a blood clot gets wedged into an artery in your lungs which is a Pulmonary Embolism (PE). We will be talking about the symptoms,…

DOI: 10/19/1986. The patient is a 77-year old male driver/transporter who sustained injury to his low back while he was carrying 70-75 pounds money upstairs. Office notes dated 04/22/2016 revealed that the patient complained of chronic back pain with spinal stenosis. He has been managing with oral medications which include hydrocodone/APAP, ibuprofen, wherein these medications seem to keep things under control. Office Notes dated 05/23/2016 revealed that the patient has a history of spinal…

Vasoplegic syndrome (VS) is a well-known form of vasodilatory shock that occurs in up to 44% of patients after cardiac surgery employing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB)(1). CPB is often associated with a systemic inflammatory response and transient vascular dysfunction that results in profound and persistent vasodilation, leading to a decrease in systemic vascular resistance that grounds severe hypotension refractory to proper fluid resuscitation, and an increased requirement for vasopressors…

Americans each year; that’s 1 out of every 20 deaths.1 Strokes are also referred to as cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs), which is the sudden death of brain cells due to lack of oxygen when blood flow to the brain is impaired by blockage or rupture of an artery.2 With the occurrence of strokes being so prevalent, finding an effective way to prevent CVAs is crucial. To understand which preventative measures may be the most effective, the underlying factors must be identified. Per the Stroke…

a stethoscope. Typically, these sounds come from the abnormal motion of blood amid cardiac chambers and across valves. As a result, turbulence occurs, bringing about “vibrations in the chambers of the heart or outflow vessels (aorta or pulmonary artery) that are detected as audible, low-frequency sounds,” (Klabunde, 2016). These sounds are different from the regular heart sounds that symbolize the closing of the atrioventricular and semilunar valves amid the cardiac cycle. Murmurs are either…

We are exposed to so many medical issues and problems on our day to day routine that we sometimes forget their names as well. The world today is so occupied with diseases and ailments that every now and then we get to hear about a new endemic being spread. Amongst these convulsions there arose a very widely spreading common problem of Varicose Veins. In some cases these veins do not cause any serious problems but in cases of serious cosmetic issues and dermatitis, varicose veins treatment…

issues. One of the most common health issues that a person getting older can face is high cholesterol. Eating too much red meat, fried foods, or fatty foods can cause a person to have high cholesterol. Over time high cholesterol begins to clog arteries, increasing the risk of them having a heart attack. Many doctors proscribe a statin called Lipitor to their patients who have high cholesterol. (Like all statins, Lipitor helps prevent heart diseases and stoke by lowering the level of…