BP

1. Introduction Lernaea infection is a major disease problem encountered in carp culture in the Indian subcontinent and has been reported from Indian major carps Catla (Catla catla), Rohu (Labeo rohita), Mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala) , exotic carps silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and indigenous carps Labeo fimbriatus (Nandeesha et al., 1984, 1985; Tamuli and Shanbhouge, 1996; Zafar et al., 2001). The three Indian Major Carps viz., Catla, Rohu and…

Arabidopsis cell wall mutants INTRODUCTION & AIMS Plant cell walls are highly dynamic structure which is made up of polysaccharide such as cellulose. In plant cell, cellulose is synthesised at the plasma membrane by the enzyme cellulose synthase (CesA) which forms rosette structure with 18 CesA proteins in total. Mutating any of these CesA proteins is thought to interfere with the normal production of cellulose in plant. As cellulose is an important component of cell wall and is essential for…

Heart failure (HF) is a complex and progressive clinical syndrome that can result from any structural abnormality or functional impairment of ventricular filling or ejection of blood.1 The term “heart failure” is preferred over “congestive heart failure” because some patients may show no signs or symptoms of volume overload.1 An estimated 5.1 million Americans >20 yrs of age have HF based on NHANES 2007-2010 data.2 By 2030, projection show that the prevalence of HF will increase 25% from…

It is a normal night, just like every other night. You are sitting on your couch flipping through the channels, and you see a scene that catches your eye. A documentary about oil drilling. You decide to start watching and once you get into it, you don’t want to stop. You keep watching more and learning more about what happens during oil drilling. Then the documentary starts showing pictures of the possible effects of oil drilling. The pictures of an oil spill. Pictures of animals coated in oil.…

The term alcoholism has been misused over the years as a vague, poorly understood and most often morally flavoured term. In various media outlets such as film, music and television, alcohol is often associated with success, physical attractiveness, romance, and sociability. Very often, the media sidesteps negative repercussions of substance abuse. This can influence individuals to have a stronger desire to drink as they have an attitude towards alcohol that is more favourable. As a result,…

Anthropogenic causes have been the largest contributor to an array of environmental disasters that we are currently experiencing and will experience in the coming decades. The extraction, transportation and burning of fossil fuels is one major contributor to environmental disasters. Another imminent threat we are facing as a species is the extinction of all wildlife on earth. This is due largely because of habitat destruction and climate change. Lastly the global meat industry also accounts for…

Through DNA evidence, it has been identified that a secondary recruitment of wild aurochs has been brought into the heard management of zebu. This event was extremely necessary to the emergence of pastoralism throughout India around 5,500 – 4,000 BP. Later on we see a diffusion of zebu eastward toward Southeast Asia and Southern China (Chen, 2009). We even see a diffusion of zebu toward Africa. The earliest evidence for Zebu domestication in India can be found at the Mehrgarh site to the…

changed as I have become more familiar with the marking scheme. I now wish to pass all first year modules with a 2.1 and so far I have succeeded in doing so. I also wanted to join the psychology Society at Staffordshire University and register with the BPS however I have not yet achieved this and hope to complete this task by the end of the academic year. Another of my targets was to meet lots of people with similar interests to myself. Since started university I have definitely completed this…

diagnosis was suggestive for acute leukemia of basophilic or mast cell lineage. One day after the BM biopsy was performed, the patient developed leukocytosis, and thrombocytopenia aggravated. O2 saturation dropped to 90%, tachycardia of HR 150 and high BP of 180/85 were checked, and mental drowsiness was observed. Laboratory findings showed acute hepatic failure and prolongation of PT/aPTT with metabolic acidosis. Her condition rapidly deteriorated and eventually died of shock??? Later on, BM…

In 2005, new sequence technique, which known as next-generation or second generation sequencing, was emerged after three decades of Sanger sequencing dominance. The new technique, 454 pyrosequencing, has completely new mechanism compared with the previous one, where this technique depended on series of enzymatic steps that including four enzymes polymerase, ATP sulfurylase, luciferase and apyrase under pyrosequencing mechanism. The name 454 pyrosequencing derived from pyrophosphate that realised…