Bone healing

1. INTRODUCTION OSHA defines musculoskeletal disorders as “Injuries and disorders of the muscles, nerves, tendons, ligaments, joints, cartilage, and spinal disk”. According to OSHA, the MSDs listed as: Carpel tunnel, Rotator cuff syndrome, De Quervain, Trigger finder, tarsal syndrome, Sciatica, Epicondylites, and Tendonitis. Most of the work related MSD’s are developed over time and are caused by the work itself or the working environment of the employees. These are also possible to occur from…

Abstract: Dens evaginatus is an uncommon developmental anomaly of human dentition characterized by the presence of tubercle on the occlusal surface of mandibular premolars and lingual surface of anterior teeth. Due to occlusal trauma this tubercle tends to fracture thus exposing the pathway to the pulp chamber of teeth. This case report is about the presentation of dens evaginatus in mandibular premolars bilaterally, among them tooth 44 was associated with chronic apical periodontitis. Fractured…

is not a single joint but a complex arrangement of bones, ligaments and musculotendinous units that called the shoulder girdle. The primary role of the shoulder girdle is to provide a tremendous range of motion for positioning the upper extremity in space. The shoulder girdle also provides power and support for the upper extremity throughout and at the extremes of the range of motion. (19) The shoulder girdle includes three bones (scapula, clavicle, and proximal humerus), three…

The Process of the Skeletal System The human body consists of around 300 bones at birth, but as the body grows, the bones shrivel up and decrease to 206 bones. Those 206 bones form the skeletal system. Each bone varies in shape and size. The skeletal system is much more than framework for the body. The skeletal system has many functions. The skeletal system is composed of dynamic living tissues and it interacts with all of the other organ systems. The skeletal system even remodels its self.…

After going back to the doctor with a same complain, X-ray and some blood work was done to fine the cause of the hip pain. The doctor found that Bill’s X-ray is sowing abnormality in his right thighbone which shows osteonecrosis, which means that the bone tissue has stopped working (is dead) due to lack of blood supply. Bill was asked if he had experienced any trauma in the…

The first phase is the growth of a rib primordium that turns into a rib bone during its embryotic development. The second phase, which differs from most land vertebrates, is the development of a “shelf of bone” above the shaft of the rib bone to form the unique T-shape. The final phase is the development of its teardrop-like shape, which is caused by the widening of the lower ridge of the ribs, which also…

WHAT IS IT & WHAT CAUSES IT? Runner's knee - or patellofemoral pain - is a condition caused by continual heavy stress on the knees, which is common in physically demanding activities such as running, jumping, skiing, cycling and playing soccer. It causes a dull, aching pain either under or around the front of the knee. The pain can be felt walking up or down stairs, kneeling, squatting or sitting for a long time with knees bent. Runner's knee refers to a number of conditions which may cause…

the spine in the upper back has an excessive curvature. Kyphosis can occur at any age, it's most common in older women, it often occurs after osteoporosis (weakens bones) weakens spinal bones to the point that they crack and compress kyphosis are seen in infants or teens due to malformation of the spine or wedging of the spinal bones over time. Kyphosis occurs when the vertebrae in the upper back become more wedge-shaped. This deformity can be caused by a variety of problems, including…

When a patient dorsiflexes the foot, put simply this can be defined as flexion of the foot in an upward movement or direction which occurs at the ankle. If you imagine the foot being in a horizontal position, the toes are higher than the heel when the foot is in this position. As a result of injury or scar tissue that can build up along the fascia of overused muscles, a loss of range of motion within the foot is often seen amongst many patients. This often leads to inefficient and compromised…

ideal for environmental and external pressures of bone. The flexibility should assist with movement. Because it is a bio-composite, it contains the properties of multiple scaffolds, giving it a wide range of its protection of the bone. It is also a fast growing material; therefore there is an abundance that can be used as substitutes. The hollow vessels within the bamboo allow for there to be cell proliferation and vascularization to occur, as bone is being regenerated. In terms of its…