Blood pressure

Venous Disorders Definition Venous disorders are the group of pathologies that refers to abnormal functioning of the venous system. Venous disorders fall into two general classifications: 1. Blockage as a result of a blood clot called thrombosis 2. Insufficient venous drainage known as insufficiency Thrombosis includes:  Superficial Thrombophlebitis  Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) Insufficiency comprises of:  Varicose Veins  Spider veins  Chronic Venous Insufficiency Pathophysiology…

charge becomes attracted to the free hydrogen cations found in acidic environments. This gradient and binding of fluoride with hydrogen forms hydrogen fluoride (HF), a highly lipophilic compound that is readily able to enter and circulate through the blood stream while maintaining its ability to move between adjacent body compartments; making it a potentially systemic toxicant.…

times without compromising spatial resolution (Westbrook & Kaut-Roth, 2005). Gradient moment nulling (GMN) can be applied in conjunction with these sequences to reduce phase mis-mapping from the high signal inflowing blood and spatial pre-saturation (SAT) to reduce signal from inflowing blood (Westbrook & Kaut-Roth,…

what level activity we did. Heart rate is when the heart contracts because it is pumping the oxygenated blood through the aorta. Then the blood goes through your heart through the vena cava. Once you start moving the blood go through the capillaries to your lungs, legs, head and arms the blood flows through the inferior and superior capillaries. The part of the heart blood that that keeps the blood from flowing backwards would be the valves. Hypothesis: I hypothesize that if the faster and…

Lupus Nephritis We identified three studies that analyzed the prevalence and correlates of lupus nephritis (LN) in a total of 428 patients [46-48] (Table 1). The follow-up period varied from less than 1 year up to 10 years. End-stage renal disease requiring dialysis (ESRD) was the most common complication reported (Table 1). Kidney biopsy was the most frequent method applied for diagnosis [46, 48]. However, some studies also analyzed clinical, serological, and immunological data [46] or employed…

3- Complications of Roux-en-Y Bypass: Table: Incidence and timings of postoperative complications after LRYGB Complication Incidence (%) Timing (early 1 month) GI bleed 1–2 Early Leak 1–2 Early/intermediate Ulcers and GG fistula 4 Late GI obstruction 5 Late but may occur early/intermediate Thromboembolism 0.1–1.3 Early/intermediate Skin complications variable Late Nutritional complications (of some degree) variable Late Metabolic complications…

The resident skin upper and lower limbs are pink, warm, and dry with a soft texture. Her skin turgor is less than 2 seconds with no wounds or lesions noted. There are pressure ulcers located on left and right buttocks. Resident scored a 13 which means she is at high risk for pressure ulcers on the Braden scale. The resident’s hair is straight, gray, fine with no appearance of balding. The resident’s finger nails are intact. Her nails appear to be pink, smooth, and curved with no splitting. Her…

A review of his medical records indicates that since his last visit he was hospitalized after calling 911 for change in mental status and found to have a blood sugar in the 1200’s. He is schedule to follow up with his new PCP this Friday to get a referral to nephrologist for his advanced kidney disease. He reports that he continues to suffers from HTN- which is poorly manage, Dm which is poorly manager and chronic anemia which is due to his advanced liver and kidney disease. He hopes that once…

Argatroban Argatroban is a synthetic direct thrombin inhibitor. It binds reversibly to thrombin so it requires to be given as a continuous intravenous infusion. It is metabolized mainly by the liver so it needs dose reduction in liver impairment. Its half-life is moderately extended in renal impairment. The effect of renal impairment on argatroban dosage adjustment is unclear. Some studies which were done on dialysis patients used the same dose in normal renal patients with no additional adverse…

Hyponatremia Hyponatremia is when the amount of salt (sodium) in your blood is too low. When sodium levels are low, your cells absorb extra water and swell. The swelling happens throughout the body, but it mostly affects the brain. Severe brain swelling (cerebral edema), seizures, or coma can happen as a result. CAUSES This condition may be caused by: • Heart, kidney, or liver problems. • Thyroid problems. • Adrenal gland problems. • Metabolic conditions, such as Syndrome of…