Bitumen

The Great Lyre from Ur The Great Lyre with Bull’s Head is the oldest stringed instrument found by an archeologist Leonard Woolley in the 1920s. This valuable historical relic is now well-preserved in the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology. The lyre was created between c. 2600 BCE and c. 2500 BCE during the Sumerian Period. It was discovered in a royal tomb from an ancient Mesopotamian city named Ur and its contemporary location is Muqaiyir, Iraq. The lyre looks…

The oils natural state is known as bitumen, which is mad up of sand, clay and a small density of water. Any strategy to obtaining the bitumen creates a toxic environment run-off. Environmentalists also fear that a leak from the projects pipeline could cause more environmental damage than a leak from any other standard pipeline. There are…

the tar coating tends to let water seep through and over time the road just decomposes itself, forming pits and cracks. India and the Netherlands are the known countries for cultivating plastic wastes and turning it into a reinforcement material in bitumen. Plastic is not identified as a biodegradable material…

source of energy. Crude oil is without a doubt the most convenient energy resource due to its accessibility and value. Crude oil exploration started around 1908 in Nigeria by the Bitumen Corporations of Germany and they first explored for crude oil in the present day Ondo state in south western Nigeria (Azaiki, 2003). Bitumen Corporations crude oil activities ceased as the First World War commenced in 1914 due to the hostilities between Great Britain and Germany and even worse as Germany lost…

locations in the world face today. Tailing Ponds can be described as large “dump holes” in which the industry exposes of all the waste materials obtained from the refinement of Bitumen - a raw material which can be processed into oil. Tailing Ponds include many different types of waste materials such as water, fine silts, residual bitumen, salts and soluble organic compounds. They also include solvents that are added to the oil sands during the separation process. After the oil has been…

Both the pyramid (3.7) and the great ziggurat (2.13) are considered architecture wonders. Because both were made to dedicated their god or leader/ruler, it also has the unique design, made of muds which turn into baked bricks, and have numerous steps. Their difference is both were made in other lands, as the pyramid made in Egypt and the great ziggurat is in Mesopotamia. Another thing about their difference, is the design of it. the pyramid is design as a three-dimensional triangle form…

4 rpm. Viscosity measurement was conducted using Brookfield Viscometer (ASTM D4402). In this test, the viscosity, torque, and shear stress are determined while applying a rotational shear on the specimens. To prepare specimens, 10.5 grams of 90 bitumen scrap shingle sample was poured into aluminum chamber. The thermoset was preheated at its designated temperature for 45 minutes. Samples and the spindle were preheated in an oven for 45 minutes at 180 C before being placed into the aluminum…

law firm, with Fox practicing mainly in litigation matters and Grafty mainly in solicitor matters. Notleyville is a town of about 30,000. Its economy features agriculture and oil and gas, with the largest industry in town being a bitumen upgrader, which upgrades bitumen to synthetic crude oil. The upgrader was built in 1999 by Oyster Oil Inc., an international petrochemical company, and has been operated by Oyster Oil since that time. From 1999-2013 all of Oyster Oil’s employment matters…

of oil and may be the biggest petroleum deposit anywhere in the world. But the oil sands industry has a lot of environmental impacts. The oil sands are one of the major causes of air pollution in Canada and North America. A sticky mixture called Bitumen (which is also known as tar) doesn’t flow easily like petroleum or crude oil so companies have to resort to surface mining (strip or open pit mining) which is bad for the environment because it removes landscapes, agricultural lands and destroys…

The work I choose from the museum was a Bearded Bull’s Head from 2600 - 2450 BC. This was from the Sumerian, Early Dynastic III period. The bull’s head is made from copper with lapis lazuli and shell inlay which can be seen in the eyes of the bull. Since this was made from a valuable material it is thought to be used as a lintel over a door since it is too heavy for a piece of furniture. With the age of the object, it has pieces broken off of it such as the beard has only half left on. It’s not…