Bipedalism

evolution from quadruple movement to bipedal movement. Bipedalism allowed Homo sapiens to become faster, obtain wider food sources, forage, and escape climatic conditions, and create better tools and technology for survival. These advanced qualities allowed greater resource competition against coexisting species, such as the Neanderthals, outliving them in the process. The act of energy conservation in the human body can be attributed to bipedalism, because “more ground can be crossed with less…

Scientific method not only links to bigger contexts and objectives for this course, but also enhances our understanding the evolution in human populations. From race to cultural identities, scientific method greatly acknowledges the evolution of our biological adaptations and diversity. We put great emphasis on the scientific method because it never seeks for absolute, definite answers. Instead, it opens up new possibilities of stronger evidence to support the human evolution. With many…

that our ape ancestors did not possess is bipedalism. The ability to travel on two feet from a biological standpoint is favorable for increasing endurance, but not favorable for speed. The speed that could be obtained from traveling on all fours was sacrificed in order to allow for travel over longer…

For so long humankind has tried to find meaning for his existence. With all their vast knowledge of technology and infrastructure, human beings still question their existence; whether to believe the various creation theory from the various religion or not. Charles Darwin’s book, The Origin of Species, broke the ice by introducing the theory of natural selection. Darwin’s natural selection described evolution as how species develop from small and simple forms into large and complex forms of…

Ardipithecus shows a distinct characteristic that allows it to possess, to some ability, locomotion. Due to this there has been debates concerning primarily the hind limb of Ardipithecus, which was adapted to terrestrial bipedalism (Venkataraman 2013). More aspects included the formation of ligaments connecting to the ankle. Scientists speculate that these traits do resemble major shifts from primitives primate’s feet (Venkataraman 2013). Although a great majority of scientists…

between us and nonhuman primates. Such as, tool use, long-lasting social relationships, and complex communication systems. But one thing struck me as odd. How are humans bipedal and most primates are quadrupedal except some primates who show bipedalism occasionally. By studying those…

Hylobates lar Stephen Estrada Hylobates lar otherwise known as the lar gibbon is a species of gibbon belonging to the hylobates genus. Despite the unique anatomy of the lar gibbon and the current conservation status of the species, there has been little research into the behaviors and social structures of gibbon populations. In this paper an attempt shall be made at consolidating what research there is to provide an in-depth look at the lar gibbon, both from a biological and behavioral…

Quadrupedalism or knuckle-walking, is where primates have “very strong arms are used to support the upper body weight while positioned on the backs of the finger’s middle phalanges.” For bipedalism, “it’s one of the key features of the human lineage, freeing the hands for carrying and for using and making tools” (Thorpe). The thing that is unique about these two is where the foramen magnum is located at. For apes, monkeys, and similar animals…

shares a similar anatomy to humans as well. The bear in particular also shares a similar anatomy, specifically the paws of a bear when compared to a human’s hands. Even with similar anatomy, the bear is mostly a quadruped mammal, but is capable of bipedalism, while humans are bipedal mammals. In humans, the hand is meant for a variety of different flexing hand movements allowing for very specific holding and gripping. Meanwhile, in a bear forearm and paw they bring much more strength to carry…

There were some changes that transpired from the Paleolithic Era to the Neolithic Period. Modest changes were made during that time, from drastic changes like economics, then culture and along came agriculture. How did man and woman cope with these modifications and what type of influence did it put on society back then? During the Paleolithic Period, which was the earliest time man and woman have been alive, the Paleolithic Period lived primitive lives; which consisted primarily of survival.…