Biomass

Soil-Plant-Atmosphere continuum This chapter explains the concept of soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (SPA) and its fundamental principles. It also examines the role of water in the SPA continuum. A model for soil-water balance, its components and the way in which it can be determined will be also presented, taking into account the different uncertainties that could affect the measurements. 1.1 Terminology The SPA continuum is defined by the movement of water from the soil to the root through…

Phosphorus is generally done to control eutrophication. Treatment plant effluent discharge limit have ranged from 0.10-2.5 mg/L. In the biological removal of phosphorus in the influent wastewater is incorporated into cell biomass, which subsequently is removed from the process as a result of sludge wasting. Phosphorous reduction in WWTP was observed to be 83%. Waste water treated by UASB: Parameter ETP tank Equalization UASB Final outlet PH 8.82 8.50 12 7.8 Temperature…

PART 1 Examination and Discussion on the HSBC’s Sustainability Report 1.1 Introduction According to the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), the organization should initiate the sustainability report to integrate the sustainability strategy into the business’s planning . HSBC is one of the biggest banks and financial services providers listed on London stock exchange and market capitalization as of to date is US$207 billion. Sustainability reporting is acts as part of their core business value and…

In its most elementary form, a solar photovoltaic (PV) cell converts solar energy (photons) into electricity (voltage). A solar PV cell is comprised of two doped layers of semiconductor material and generates low-level voltage (less than 1 V). A solar PV module refers to a series of solar PV cells connected together (to generate higher voltage) and laminated into a durable package. A solar panel is formed from the interconnection of several solar PV modules. Finally, a solar PV system is made…

Environment Environment is key factor in CSR. In Santander environment is not the second priority while achieving the business goals 1. Utilities management 1.1 Water Usage Water consumption became limited in accordance to the nature of Santander operations, approximately 322,000 m³, for employees, facilities and heating/cooling use. There was a very tiny bit reduction of 1% in year 2011in comparison with 2010. Consumption of water is limited given the nature of our operations…

European Union is recognized as one of the leaders in implementing new environmental policies and instruments for them. The targets of the EU are often ones of the most ambitious in the world. Adaptation strategies are developing continuously to strengthen the resilience of Europe. However, for the EU member states it is not an easy task to collaborate in dealing with environmental issues, since their recourses and targets differ. For instance, in October 2014 The EU leaders agreed on greenhouse…

Application of Biofloc technology in aquaculture systems; a viewpoint Anjali P. Thilakan1*,Manju Lekshmi. N2.,Sreekanth.G.B2, N. P. Singh2 1Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Andheri (W), Mumbai 2ICAR Central Coastal Agricultural Research Institute, Ela, Old Goa . Abstract Bioflocs are aggregates (flocs) of algae, bacteria, proto¬zoans, and other kinds of particulate organic matter such as feces and uneaten feed and it normally contains 35-40% of protein. Biofloc technology ensures…

covers the purchase of approximately three million gallons per year. The blended product will be used at Southwest's Bay Area operations with first delivery expected in 2016. RRB's first plant will convert approximately 140,000 dry tons of woody biomass feedstock into at least 12 million gallons per year of renewable jet, diesel, and naphtha fuels. RRB's CEO, Terry Kulesa said "From the outset, we have sought to build the best possible team of project partners. A conversation we started with…

1.0. INTRODUCTION Mangroves ecosystem provide an important sources such as food, medicines, material for building and filtering pollution. Mangrove forests are among the economically highest valued ecosystems. However, increase of urbanization and climate change affected the ecological functioning and the goods and services that are provided by mangrove system. Such that, the mangrove large areas are rapidly disappearing. In addition, it is degrade the condition of remaining areas. Additionally…

Al Gore is the acclaimed winner of a Nobel Peace Prize, a Grammy Award, a Primetime Emmy Award, and was the runner-up for Time magazine’s “Person of the Year” in 2007 1. He has received international recognition for his involvement in politics, business, and environmental activism. He was the vice president under Bill Clinton from 1993-2001, the Democratic nominee for the 2000 Presidential Election, a member of the board of directors at Apple, and a senior advisor to Google2. He has taught at…