Biomass

This paper explores the reasons behind the functional extinction of the Eastern Oyster in the New York Harbor, the ecological services that the oyster provided to the Harbor’s ecosystem and the steps to bring back this keystone species. When Europeans first came to the New World, oysters were so abundant around New York City that it was considered the Oyster Capital of the World (Driscoll, 2011) but within 300 years this title would be no more as the oyster became functionally extinct due to…

Kumale Fufa Ramisha Islam 18 November 2014 Period 1, Period 2 The Effect of Different Levels of Nitrate and Phosphate in Fertilizer Runoff Before and After Rain Water is a major resource and is essential for life. It is naturally recycled through a process called hydrological cycle. The demand of water over the world has been increasing as population and industrialization does, while available drinking water has been deteriorating due to pollution.Fertilizer runoff is a serious…

cofactors as electron donors (Goldman et al., 2009). As many hydrogenotrophic methanogens, some of the Methanoculleus are thought to be autotrophic, requiring only CO2, H2, and inorganic salts to produce energy through methanogenesis and synthesize biomass through CO2 fixation (Reeve et al., 1997). Although Methanoculleus have been found constantly, knowledge of their roles and functions in the microbial community is still limited. This article reviews the characteristics of Methanoculleus and…

As a result of global warming, there is not a corner of the worlds’ oceans left unaffected by anthropogenic disturbances. The heating of Earth’s surface occurs through a life supporting process known as the greenhouse effect. This is a natural process where heat from solar radiation passing through the atmosphere is absorbed by gases and radiated back to the surface (Bradford A 2014). However, human activities, such as deforestation, industrial processes, and fossil fuel combustion are polluting…

ACC in the plants is reduced, the amount of ethylene is also reduced. In this way the bacteria acts as a sink for ACC. The interaction of ACC deaminase containing bacteria with the plants increase the plant root and shoot length also increase the biomass and the protection of plants from inhibitory effects of ethylene that is synthesized by a variety of biotic and abiotic…

The fungi Alternaria is a phyto-pathogen cause leaf blight disease to variety of plants. Alternaria alternata and Alternaria helianthi was isolated from Dalbergia sissoo L. and Helianthus annuus L. respectively. Test antagonists grow faster than the pathogen and produced inhibition zones thereby limiting the growth of the pathogen. These antagonistic interactions influence the incidence and severity of the disease caused by the pathogen. When the two Alternaria spp. were tested by dual culture…

Abstract Experiment 3-14 of the Microbiology: Laboratory Theory & Application lab manual was conducted to utilize the various morphological characteristics of organisms for the identification of unknown broth culture sample #26. Staining techniques including the gram stain and capsule stain were applied to initially describe the sample as a gram-positive staphylococci bacterium. Upon further examination and comparison with the gram-positive control, the microorganism was correctly described as…

Original Argument: Can Alternative Energy Really Replace Fossil Fuels? With our planet’s appearance changing rapidly, from the melting of the polar caps, to the loss of the Great Barrier Reef, we must recognize a cause for these issues. Many are quick to point fingers at fossil fuels, which are currently our main source of energy. These people demand a switch to alternative energy options, such as biofuels, solar, nuclear energy, and wind energy. Supporters of alternative energy believe that…

There are certain animals, plants, fungi, bacteria, and viruses that tolerate and actually thrive in extreme conditions. These organisms are called extremophiles. The word extremophile breaks up into “extreme” and the suffix “phile” literally means “one who loves.” These organisms flourish in the uninhabitable places that vary from extremely high and low temperatures, high pressures, high salinity, the absence of water, and extreme amounts of radiation just to name a few. Many of these…

A greener land and a fresher atmosphere sounds great to all of us, but how many of us deny to live in coal fueled house or ride in oil fueled bus? There was a time when one could have thrown the idea of renewable energy to waste basket saying it is not enough but now is the time to hold the idea and say “enough is enough”. With the flow of time, people accepted the idea of having lighter electronics and powerful motor engines, so why not solar-wind hybrid system which has likes of both. But…