Biofilm

Ladies and gentlemen, it is the 21st century, we have to begin to accept new innovations and access the potential benefits. Genetically modified organisms, better known as GMO’s are a huge misconception for society who only sees risks without benefits. As a result of this fear of GMOs and the ethics behind it, government agencies make it very restrictive for bio firms to produce innovative products that can improve lives and society. Not only is the process to restrictive, it is also way…

student retooled an old infection fighter to “work with standard drugs that are losing their effectiveness against potentially fatal diseases” (Cooney, 2008, para. 2). Lu’s version of the drug can penetrate through the bacteria’s natural biofilm layer. The biofilm layer has a natural ability to eradicate antibiotics and is one of the causes for bacteria to be able to resist antibiotics. This version of the drug also weakens the bacteria’s defense system by obstructing genes in the bacteria from…

years for their nutritional and therapeutic values; honey possesses anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial properties, and can overcome the multi-drug resistant bacteria (Patel and Chauhan, 2016). Moreover, honey was able to overcome MRSA biofilms (Merckoll et al., 2009). Furthermore, a significant decline in total bacterial counts TBC (P>0.05) in bovine subclinical mastitis was noticed after intra-mammary infusion by diluted fennel honey (Abdel-Hafeez et al., 2005). Indeed, honey…

Enhydra lutris, commonly known as sea otter, is the second smallest marine mammal that lives in shallow coastal waters of the northern and eastern North Pacific Ocean. Sea otters are often found in areas with protection from the most severe ocean winds, such as rocky coastlines, thick kelp forests, and barrier reefs. They are considered a keystone species because they are crucial to the health of the nearshore marine ecosystem. Because sea otters eat sea urchins, which are herbivores that feed…

Silver nanoparticles have unique antimicrobial properties. They have a variety of applications: diagnostics, wound healing, pharmaceuticals, etc. These nanoparticles destroy bacterial cells walls and interrupt membrane integrity by their electrostatic attraction to the negatively charged bacterial cell walls [10]. Metal nanoparticles are usually synthesized by chemical techniques which is costly and highly toxic. Currently, there is a growing demand for alternative methods that would limit the…

Results: In order to identify the gram negative isolate in the unknown #260 broth, I observed the bacterium under the microscope, created a stock culture, and conducted a variety of biochemical tests. First, I inoculated a blood agar plate and a MacConkey (MAC) agar plate with the unknown #260 mixed culture broth. The blood agar plate, shown in Figure 1, was inoculated using the quadrant streaking method and then incubated for 24 hours at 35 °C. In the third and fourth quadrants, two different…

glycolipids. The carbohydrates in these molecules extend beyond the outer surface of the membrane forming a layer known as the glycocalyx. This coats the cell and acts as a first layer of defense as the glycocalyx allows bateria to adhere together creating biofilm, which is resistant to harmful factors. Other important functions of the glycocalyx include, ancoring and locomotion, recognition and specificity in binding (Martini, Nath, & Bartholomew, 2015, p.…

Biofilm, like Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes, both deadly disease causing pathogens, were found on toys, books, cribs, and hands. Four out five stuffed toys and cribs contained one or both of the biofilm pathogens. Within the daycare they found bacteria that had been allowed to grow for at least one month. Through this discovery it was found…

biofilms known as microbial communities attaches to surfaces tightly making it difficult to remove and protecting the microorganism); amount of microorganisms (the more present will take longer to destroy such as clumped cells); chemical and physical issues…

after three days the samples were returned to Earth which gave Cynthia and her team time examine the P. aeruginosa using confocal laser-scanning microscopy. The results showed that the bacteria were grouped into a column-and-canopy structure, called biofilms, not previously observed on Earth. These new forms of bacteria colony growth have unknown potential when it comes to human health. The effects of zero gravity can reduce the danger of some bacteria or visa verse. To understand the effects of…