Bicarbonate

3.4.2.1 Test for milk:- 1. Determination of SNF in milk AIM: - to determine the SNF of milk Apparatus: - lactometer jar, lactometer and thermometer Principle: - It is calculated by using lactometer method. Procedure:-  Warm the milk sample to 40 to 45oCand maintain at this temperature till 5 min.  Mix the contents by rotating and inverting the bottle, taking care to avoid the formation of air bubbles.  Cool the sample to 15.5oC  Invert the sample bottle 2 to 3 times; pour enough milk into…

What four elements make up 96% of all living matter? _________________________________________ Concept 2.2 An element’s properties depend on the structure of its atoms 2. Below is a model of an atom of helium, correctly label the electrons, protons, neutrons, and atomic nucleus. 3. What is the atomic number of helium? _________ Its atomic mass? ________ 4. Consider this entry in the periodic table for carbon. What is the atomic mass? ______ atomic number? _______ How many…

Water exists in all three physical states only on planet earth, the only planet where life exists in the whole of universe. Water supports life on earth due its unique physical properties such as density, temperature variation, reflectivity, surface tension, specific heat, boiling and freezing points, as well as its chemical properties including its polar nature, dissolving ability and capacity to act both as an acid or base. The exceptional physical properties are all attributed to water’s…

facilitate the separation of the layers, the researchers added a small amount of saturated NaCl solution (about 1 ml) in the separatory funnel. Upon the separation of the organic layer and the addition of a small amount of solid NaHCO3 (sodium bicarbonate), effervescence formed which suggests that a chemical reaction happened inside the flask. NaHCO3 was continually added until there was no effervescence observed. This formation of effervescence was due to the reaction of excess HCl and…

Ancient Egyptians were the first of women to wear makeup. The basic motive back then was the same as it is today and just like modern day supermodels, the well to do women of ancient Egypt wanted to look their best all of the time. Ancient Egyptians used copper and lead ore to create the world's first cosmetics to the scientifically advanced products of today that can do everything from hide pores, smooth complexions, and turn the pale green of your eyes a vivid shade of emerald, makeup has…

Decompressive Craniectomy and the Return of Functionality in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients with Increased Intracranial Pressure The brain and its surrounding protective bony layer provide for a unique situation with regards to traumatic brain injuries (TBI). Unlike other tissue in the body, which are free to expand outwards when inflammation or trauma occurs, the brain cannot. In the average adult, the cranial vault has the ability to accommodate for up to 1500mL of volume. When cerebral…

Interpretation of the NOESY: (Nuclear Overhauser Effect) spectrum of 1-(2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-4-yl)azepan-2-one (3a) is as follows. Strong coupling interaction of protons of 2nd and 4th position in 1-(2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-4-yl)azepan-2-one (3a), was not so strongly observed in COSY because it involves long range coupling i.e. protons attached between 2nd and 4th carbon atom. Hence, we studied NOESY to know the spacial interaction between these two protons. Thus, the…

As a rule, the gill area is greater in fast-moving crabs (Portunids) than in sluggish bottom dwellers; decreases progressively from wholly aquatic, to intertidal, to land species; and is greater in young crabs than in older crabs. Often the gills are enclosed in protective chambers, and ventilation is provided by specialized appendages that create the respiratory current. As in cephalopod mollusks, oxygen utilization is relatively high—up to 70 percent of the oxygen is extracted from the water…

Textbook Reference: 6.4 What Are the Active Processes of Membrane Transport? Page: 120 5. Barrier formation is only one function of the cell membrane. Describe some other functions of the membrane and discuss how the membrane is suited for those functions. Answer: Membranes function in processing energy transformation and in the organization of chemical reactions. Integral and peripheral proteins contribute to these functions. The membrane serves as a holding site for the catalytic enzymes…

Chapter-1 Introduction Plantains and banana constitute the fourth most important global food commodity (after rice, wheat and maize) grown in more than 120 countries over a harvested area of approximately 10 million hectares. The annual production of banana is about 88 million tonnes (Frison and Sharrock, 1999). It is the crop in superior position due…