Biblical criticism

In C.S. Lewis’s An Experiment in Criticism, Lewis attempts to distinguish how good and bad readers interpret books. 'Let us try to discover how far it might be plausible to define a good book as a book which is read in one way, and a bad book as a book which is read in another” (1). Although Lewis’s essay is primarily dominated by “the many and the few,” the paramount message of the book pertains to the ego; moreover, how the literary experience heals the wound without undermining individuality.…

The purpose of this paper is to examine Walter Besant’s lecture “The Art of Fiction” in light of Henry James’ published response of the same title. I will argue that James’ is correct and warranted to critique Besant’s approach, but that James’ concerns are ultimately overstated. Besant’s lecture “The Art of Fiction” aims to defend fiction and elevate the novel among the “higher” arts. Historically, critics wouldn’t dare speak of fiction in the same breath they praise the fine arts – to even…

In her book, “A Poetics of Postmodernism”, Linda Hutcheon identifies the term postmodernism, when used in fiction, to describe fiction that is at once metafictional and historical in the way it presents the texts and contexts of the past (Hutcheon, 40). This is what she calls historiographic metafiction. Most of the historiographic novels emphasize self-reflexivity and our paradoxical relations to past events. Historiographic metafiction somehow acknowledges the paradox of the past, that is to…

(1. 2. 297-299) During this scene Ariel brings up the subject of his freedom and receives a negative reaction from Prospero who believes that Ariel was not being appreciative of Prospero’s doings. By using literary criticism one can clearly point out the role of master and servant. One may also notice that Prospero threatens Ariel by insisting on trapping him in a tree for twelve years, which is ironic being that Prospero is the one who saved him from being trapped in…

In the introduction to his book Museum of Words, James Heffernan discusses and contrasts a few possible definitions for ekphrastic literature. Ekphrasis is most generally thought of as “the literary representation of visual art” (1), but after considering what multiple other scholars have said about this concept and genre of literature, Heffernan proposes his own definition “simple in form but complex in its implications: ekphrasis is the verbal representation of visual representation” (3). He…

wrote, “Mrs. Hawthorne’s Headache: Reading The Scarlet Letter” However, I am also sure that my response to what he has written would not be what he expected. This reader, writer relationship is one of the first ideas he touches on in his literary criticism, and it is one I understood easily. As I read, I was taken back by how many ideas and concepts I had seemingly missed during my initial reading of The Scarlet Letter. Though I attempted to soak in everything Leverenz discussed, at the…

The Freedom Riders is one example where the truth was either hidden or revealed through the news. Bias where strong in the south where people were segregated meaning that African Americans were usually passed off as troublemakers compared to others who saw the acts of segregation an act of cruelty. The trick to get pass bias is to interpreting the document to discover what is fact and what is fiction. It would deem best for one to gather multiple primary source documents such as first hand…

The speeches in Thucydides are critical to the narrative of his History as they provide another perspective on the general context and reveal both the characters of the key protagonists and their intentions. The Sicilian books demonstrate their particular importance where they become a powerful influence on the outcome of the war, notably the two speeches of Alcibiades. Thucydides himself explains: ’of the various speeches made either when war was imminent or in the course of the war itself, it…

In “Paranoid Reading and Reparative Reading”, Eve Sedgwick, attempts to evaluate the current modes of interpretation, not to criticize the methodologies, but instead illuminate the actualities of monopolistic forms of interpretation and its imposing effect on the utilization of an equally valid alternative. That form of interpretation is called paranoid reading. Eve Sedgwick begins the essay with a personal story of her casual experience with paranoid reading. Through that experience, Sedgwick…

Genetics Involving Pheochromocytomas Jillian Benson Baker University School of Nursing Genetics Involving Pheochromocytomas Pathophysiology Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas are rare, benign tumors that develop from chromaffin cells, which are located in the neuroectodermal tissues around the spinal column and the adrenal glands (Grouzman et al., 2015 and Santos, 2014). Pheochromocytomas are located inside of the adrenal gland, while paragangliomas are located outside of the…