Beta blocker

• Introduction : Congestive heart failure (CHF) is specifically known as congestive cardiac failure (CCF) in the scientific papers. The term ‘’CHF’’ describes a debilitating condition in which the heart 's function as a pump is unable to deliver an adequate amount of rich-oxygen blood to the rest of the body and the fluid builds up in the body and other organs making the heart congested. CHF results from any structural or functional cardiac disorder that weakens the pumping ability of the heart,…

Day 1 John Smith ,62 years old male body weight 160 kg and height 1745cm long term smoker. Today he is consulting his GP with his blood lipid profile which resulted LDL -5.6, HDL -0.4, TG-5.7and total cholesterol -9.4. Q1. Ideal Total Cholesterol (TC) should be 4 mmol/L or less, LDL-Cholesterol (LDL) should be 3 mmol/L or less and HDL-Cholesterol it should be over 1mmol/L (men) overall Total Cholesterol the lower figure is the better. In Johns result he has Total Cholesterol of 9.40 which is…

include bypass grafting to coronary arteries or angioplasty (Gaby, 2010). Nurses will be involved in this process, as well as treatment to decrease the patient’s pain, and likely aspirin or other medication for anti-platelet effects, as well as beta blockers (Gaby, 2010). Nurses are also involved in cardiac patient care when a patient is admitted, as well as follow-up care in the home and the doctor’s office. Patient and family teaching is one of the main roles that a nurse performs. Nurses have…

Hypertension Yocasta Mercedes Xiaopeng Zhou MD MED 115-M03 Summer 2015 Hypertension Is a cardiovascular disease, in which the blood pressure is abnormally high. For a person be Hypertensive the blood pressure has to be higher than 140 over 90 mmHg, this means the systolic reading is over 140 mmHg or the diastolic reading is over 90 mmHg. The blood pressure, in mmHg:  Normal blood pressure is less than 120 systolic and when the diastolic is less than 80.  Prehypertension is…

Asian American population and its characteristics According to the Census Bureau, the Asian group in the United States counts 15.7 million Asian Americans in 2013 and represents about five percent of the total U.S. population. Asian Americans live mostly in large cities in states of California, New York, Texas, Illinois, Hawaii and New Jersey. Asian American community is fast growing. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) it is expected to comprise over 10% of the…

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimate that in 2011, more than 9,000 older adults died by suicide. Although the rate of suicide for women typically declines in older age, it increases with age among men. (Greenlee and Hyde, 2014) Studies have been done to identify suicide risk factors based on psychological autopsies of older adults who died by suicide. These include psychiatric illness (especially depression); social isolation; functional impairment; physical illness;…

1. Fatigue and dyspnea on exertion are two common symptoms associated with mitral valve dysfunction. Many patients may not even show any signs and symptoms in the initial years except tiredness and fatigue. According to Shipton & Wahba, signs and symptoms of mitral dysfunctions include dyspnea on exertion, palpitations, orthopnea, chest discomfort, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, and eventually leading to signs of right-sided heart failure. Although, mitral dysfunctional may be…

(2016, p. 576), the principal symptoms of HF are dyspnea and fatigue which can significantly reduce an individual's exercise tolerance. Due to the various signs and symptoms associated with HF, multiple pharmacotherapies including ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, calcium channel inotropic agents, and diuretics has been utilized to alleviate HF manifestations and prolong the person's life expectancy. In this discussion topic, I will be summarizing a particular class of diuretics that plays a…

without the scientific understanding of cardiac output. Science is the how I understand the physiologic underpinnings of nursing, and the expected physiologic response. Science is systematic, objective, and logical. It is how I know administering a beta-blocker will reduce heart rate and blood pressure. Ethical. Knowing is gained through the concepts of rights, obligations and moral duty. Ethics are dependent upon ethical behaviors and morals that are inherent in each individual (Benner, 1982).…

Different Effect of Mitral Valve Prolapse History of the Disease One of the most common cardiac abnormalities in the United States is Mitral Valve Prolapse, also known as MVP, which affects about 2-6% of Americans. It is a disorder of the bicuspid valve, which causes backflow of blood from the left ventricle back into the left atrium (Sims & Miracle, 2007). MVP can also be identified as click-murmur syndrome, floppy mitral valve, and Barlow syndrome (Kornusky & Cabrera, 2014). In past studies,…